1. Introductory remarks Wouter Los LifeWatch Infrastructure for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research

2. Challenges The landscape of Research Infrastructures How to move forward

3. Credit: Rob Guralnick Biodiversity & Ecosystems Interactions between microscopic and macroscopic levels. -> scaling effects Other systems e.g. Climate System Interacting systems Stability, extreme effects Thresholds Profit-costs interactions Ecosystems Species Genes

4. Scientific challenges

5. The biodiversity science-policy landscape Assessment (IPBES) Policy (CBD) Observations (GEO BON) Research (Future Earth- Diversitas)

6. Observatories monitoring sites experimental plots Physical infrastructure sequencers sensors satellites collections humans e-Infrastructure data storage data processing analysis modeling visualisation publication

7. Observatories Wind Precipitation Temperatur e Deposition WetDry Gases Aerosoles Tree response Tree bioelements Epiphyte response Litter fall Throughfall Understory veg. Soil water Weathering Soil (litter, humus, minerals) Decomposition mineralizationRoot uptake Groundwate r Surface water Runoff Deer, birds Credit: Michael Mirtl

8. Issues -Adequate spatial and temporal scales and resolution -Capabilities for event response and comparing systems -Up- and down scaling problems -Remote operation of observatory for users

9. Physical infrastructure Interconnected collections Mesocosms and other experimental facilities Wireless) sensors (DNA sequence based, etc) Facilities for measuring (species and functional) diversity Empower human observers with their interpretations Dedicated “biodiversity” satellites

10. e-Infrastructure challenges 10 Complex data sets with different spatial, temporal and thematic resolutions Data discovery and data filtering: fitness for use Data integration with data and meta data from different application domains Workflow development for analysis and modelling Re-applicability and provenance control Visualization of results

11. Global Biodiversity Informatics Outlook

12. EU Knowledge Network (contributes to IPBES) EU BON (Support to GEO BON) ViBRANT (virtual environment for taxonomy) BioVEL- Biodiversity Virtual Laboratories OpenBio (EU-Brazil cooperation) CloudConnect(EU-Brazil cooperation) ENVRI (Cooperating environmental research infrastructures - data discovery & data processing) Pro-iBiosphere (standards & interoperabilty) EBI genomic data; PESI; BioCASE; GBIF; LTER-Europe; MARS; PANGEA EUDAT LifeWatch

13. LifeWatch:bringing distributed facilities together

14. Thank you w.los@uva.nl