1. INVESTIGATING CELLS MICROSCOPES

2. Cells are the building blocks of all life THE MICROSCOPIC WORLD OF CELLS Cells must be tiny for materials to move in and out of them fast enough to meet the cell’s metabolic needs

3. If you stacked up 8000 cell membranes, they would be only as thick as a page in this book Every second, your body produces about 2 million red blood cells

4. An electron microscope can visualize objects a million times smaller than the head of a pin The cells of a whale are about the same size as the cells of a mouse

5. The light microscope is used by many scientists Microscopes as Windows to Cells –Light passes through the specimen –Lenses enlarge, or magnify, the image (a) Light micrograph (LM) of a white blood cell (stained purple) surrounded by red blood cells

6. Magnification –An increase in the specimen’s apparent size Resolving power –The ability of an optical instrument to show two objects as separate

7. The electron microscope (EM) uses a beam of electrons –It has a higher resolving power than the light microscope

8. The electron microscope can magnify up to 100,000X –Such power reveals the diverse parts within a cell Human height Length of some nerve and muscle cells Frog eggs Chicken egg Plant and animal cells Nucleus Most bacteria Mitochondrion Smallest bacteria Viruses Ribosomes Proteins Lipids Small molecules Atoms Unaided eye Light microscope Electron microscope

9. SEM The scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the detailed architecture of the surface of a cell (b) Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of cilia (above) And a white blood cell

10. TEM The transmission electron microscope (TEM) is useful for exploring the internal structure of a cell (c) Transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a white blood cell & cilial

11. STM The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a type of electron microscope that shows three-dimensional images of a sample. SNOW FLAKE – 6 MOLECULES OF WATER Taken from: www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic- art/281115...

12. Types of Microscopes Using page 6 of your textbook fill in the following table with information about the following Microscopes: TEM Transmission Electron Microscope SEM Scanning Electron Microscope STM Scanning Tunneling Microscope Find another type of microscope to add a 4’th row to your table TypeHow image is produced Type of image Magnific ation Subject