2. Queen Elizabeth I 14-1

3. Background I. Reign of Henry VIII –A. 1509- Becomes King and marries Catherine of Aragon –B. 1515- Catherine gives birth to Elizabeth’s sister Mary I –C. 1533- Henry divorces Catherine and marries Anne Boleyn –D. 1533- Elizabeth is born –E. 1536- Anne Boleyn is executed

4. II. Religion under Henry VIII –1517- Martin Luther protests in Germany –1533- Henry’s divorce causes a rift with Rome Henry declares himself the Supreme Head of the English Church English Church is a Protestant Church

5. III. Edward VI –Son of Henry VIII’s 3rd wife, Jane Seymour –1547- Takes the throne at age 10 –1549- abolishes the idea of Purgatory and prayers for the dead

6. Differences between Catholics and English Protestants Catholics pledge allegiance to the Pope Catholics believe in transubstantiation Catholics believe in the hierarchy and authority of the Roman Church Highest spiritual authority in England is the Monarch Protestants celebrate communion as symbolic Protestants are suspicious of images, ritual, icons

7. IV. Reign of Mary Tudor –1533- Mary Tudor comes to power (daughter of Henry’s 1st wife) –Called “Bloody Mary” because she persecuted protestants –Tried to Make England Catholic again –Married Phillip II of Spain

8. V. Reign of Queen Elizabeth A. 1558- Takes the throne after the death of Elizabeth B. Repealed laws favoring Catholics C. Made herself the head of Church and State –Adopted a moderate form of Protestantism that kept England Satisfied

9. D. Supported a moderate foreign policy –1. Attempted to keep Spain and France from gaining too much power E. Phillip II of Spain believed if he invaded England, the people would rise up against their queen to return to Catholicism F. Philip put together the Spanish Armada- the greatest fleet of warships ever assembled

10. –The Armada was defeated and English Catholics never rose up against their queen

11. VI. Marriage Conroversy Elizabeth refused to marry, earning her the nickname “the Virgin Queen” She used suitors to gain political favor Her refusal to marry meant that the line of succession was in question Elizabeth feared a husband would cause her to lose control of her kingdom

12. VII. Feud with Mary Queen of Scots Mary Queen of Scots was Catholic and backed by the French Elizabeth feared the French and sent troops into Scotland to support Protestant rebels- she was successful Scottish nobles forced Mary to abdicate her throne to her son Mary sought refuge in England

13. Elizabeth imprisoned Mary for 19 years While imprisoned, a plot was found that would put Mary on the throne in England Elizabeth had Mary beheaded

14. VIII. Her Death Elizabeth died in 1603 and James VI of Scotland took the throne Elizabeth’s reign gave the time period a name- The Elizabethan Era At the end of her reign, England was a world power She reigned at the time of Shakespeare