1. Output

2. What is Output?  Input  Processing  Storage  Output Output is data that has been processed into useful form, now called Information.

3. Types of Output Hard copy:  printed on paper or other permanent media Soft copy:  displayed on screen or by other non- permanent means

4. Categories of Output  Text documents including reports, letters, etc.  Graphics charts, graphs, pictures  Multimedia combination of text, graphics, video, audio

5. Printers How fast? The speed of a printer is measured in: cps = characters per second lpm = lines per minute ppm = pages per minute The faster the printing, the more expensive the printer.

6. Printers How good is the printing quality? Print Resolution/Quality –  a measure of how fine the detail in an image can be printed or displayed.  Measured in dots per inch (DPI), which indicates how many tiny dots of colour or greyscale information the printer can fit in a row (first number) or column (second number) 600 X 600 DPI  Professionals in graphics use 1200 to 2400 dpi printers. Draft quality on such a printer would be 600 dpi.

7. Types of Printers Impact Printers  Plotter  Dot Matrix Non-impact printers  Inkjet  Laser Find an appropriate picture or photo of an impact printer and insert it here. Then re-save to your Digital Literacy folder. Find an appropriate picture or photo of a non-impact printer and insert it here. Then re- save to your Digital Literacy folder.

8. Things to consider when choosing a printer 1) How much output?  What speed is needed? Is heavy-duty equipment necessary? 2) Quality of output needed?  Resolution needed? Photo quality? 3) Location of printer?  Can it fit into the intended location? Is loudness important? 4) Expense of ink or toner?  How much does a cartridge cost and how many pages will it produce? 5) Number of cartridges?  Just one 3-color cartridge or separate black and color cartridges

9. Screen Features The device which displays computer output to us has various names: Screen  from "computer screen" or "display screen“ Monitor  from its use as a way to "monitor" the progress of a program

10. Type of Monitor CRT  cathode ray tube from the physical mechanism used for the screen.  The screen is coated on the inside surface with dots of chemicals called phosphors. When a beam of electrons hits a dot, the dot will glow.

11. Type of Monitor LCD  liquid crystal display  Still made of dots but is much flatter. LCD displays are made of two layers of a polarizing material with a liquid crystal solution in between. An electrical signal makes the crystals line up in a way that keeps light from going through entirely or just partly. A black screen has all the crystals lined up so that no light gets through.

12. Other Output Devices Data projectors  Projects the image onto a wall screen Speakers  Computers can output voice messages, music, data as sound.

13. You have now learned all four of the steps in the computing cycle!!