2.  Insight – extracting conceptually appealing information from data  Exposition – displaying the decision tree results in a form to communicate insight and inform policy and planning  Tell a story

4.  Conceptual model  Operationalize the conceptual model  Develop the story in context  Key relationships and story plot  Create testable hypotheses

5.  Top down decision tree creation  Select branches that conform to model  Can be lower logworth than other branches  Include non-significant branches that reflect the conceptual model  Test hypotheses

6.  Based on underlying conceptual model  Ishikawa Diagram (Fishbone Diagram)  Determine likely relevant dimensions from data  Test hypotheses

8.  Expository needs interpretation  Prediction does not need to tell a story  Prediction needs to accurately predict future values, have reproducibility and reliability

9.  Sample Design to gain knowledge of the environment  Data Efficacy and Operational Measures – data that relates to known or likely factors predicting the target.  True measures

10.  The Challenge – Identifying strong predictors  Matching predictors with range  Combinations of predictors  Approach – Bonferroni and validation or cross-validation

11.  Stand-in variables  Create Composites (Principal components or factor scores or reduction measures)  More data  Best fit is the right size, but what is the right size?

12.  Multi-way splits: Use as many partitions as distinct values.  Binary splits: Divides values into two subsets.  Need to find optimal partitioning

13. 125 34 12534 In theory, multiway splits are no more flexible than binary splits. Multiway splits often give more interpretable trees because split variables tend to be used fewer times. Many prefer binary splits because an exhaustive search is more feasible.