1. The Digestive System

2. Anatomy of the System Alimentary: –Mouth –Pharynx –Esophagus –Stomach –Small Intestine –Large Intestine –Anus Alimentary: –Mouth –Pharynx –Esophagus –Stomach –Small Intestine –Large Intestine –Anus Accessory: –Teeth –Gall Bladder –Salivary Glands –Pancreas –Liver Accessory: –Teeth –Gall Bladder –Salivary Glands –Pancreas –Liver

3. Alimentary Organs Mouth –Food enters mouth, mixed with saliva and becomes masticated. The tongue initiates swallowing. Pharynx –Food passes through into oropharynx and laryngopharynx. Mouth –Food enters mouth, mixed with saliva and becomes masticated. The tongue initiates swallowing. Pharynx –Food passes through into oropharynx and laryngopharynx. Esophagus –From pharynx through diaphragm to the stomach –4 Basic tissue: Mucosa Submucosa Muscularis serosa Esophagus –From pharynx through diaphragm to the stomach –4 Basic tissue: Mucosa Submucosa Muscularis serosa

4. Stomach –Temporary “storage tank” –Breaks down food –Chemical breakdown of protein –Becomes chyme once it is processed and it enters the small intestine Stomach –Temporary “storage tank” –Breaks down food –Chemical breakdown of protein –Becomes chyme once it is processed and it enters the small intestine http://www.daviddarling.info/images/stomach.jpg

5. Small intestine –3 subdivisions Duodenum Jejunum Ileum –Pyloric sphincter controls food movement into small intestine from stomach –Digested food are absorbed through mucosa Small intestine –3 subdivisions Duodenum Jejunum Ileum –Pyloric sphincter controls food movement into small intestine from stomach –Digested food are absorbed through mucosa Large intestine –Dries out the indigestible food residue by absorbing water –5 subdivisions Cecum Appendix Colon Rectum Anal canal Large intestine –Dries out the indigestible food residue by absorbing water –5 subdivisions Cecum Appendix Colon Rectum Anal canal

6. Accessory Teeth –Used to chew food –Decidous teeth aka milk teeth. Shows around 6 months –32 permanent teeth are considered a full set. Pancreas –Triangular gland, extends across the abdoment from the spleen to duodenum –Produces enzymes to break down food Teeth –Used to chew food –Decidous teeth aka milk teeth. Shows around 6 months –32 permanent teeth are considered a full set. Pancreas –Triangular gland, extends across the abdoment from the spleen to duodenum –Produces enzymes to break down food http://www.diyfather.com/files/baby_teeth.jpg

7. Liver –Largest gland in the body –Has metabolic and regulatory roles –Produces bile, bile leaves through the common hepatic duct and enters the duodenum through the bile duct –Bile is yellow to green, watery solution Liver –Largest gland in the body –Has metabolic and regulatory roles –Produces bile, bile leaves through the common hepatic duct and enters the duodenum through the bile duct –Bile is yellow to green, watery solution http://webpages.csus.edu/%7Esac52583/pictures/liver2.jpg

8. Gall bladder –If food digestion does not occur, bile backs up the cystic duct and enter the gall bladder to be stored –If bile is stored too long or too much, water is removed and cholesterol in it may crystallize and form gall stones Salivary glands –3 pairs Parotid glands Submadibular glands Sublingual galnds Gall bladder –If food digestion does not occur, bile backs up the cystic duct and enter the gall bladder to be stored –If bile is stored too long or too much, water is removed and cholesterol in it may crystallize and form gall stones Salivary glands –3 pairs Parotid glands Submadibular glands Sublingual galnds http://www.gallbladderguy.com/images/gallbladder.jpg