1. Table of contents Page 1- Citizenship: 14 th amendment and law of soil vs law of blood Page 2- Law of soil and Law of blood worksheet Page 3 - Naturalization Page 4- Who is a citizen practice worksheet Page 5- Responsibility and obligations of citizenship Page 6- Responsibly of citizens at the national, state and local level Page 7-Wanted: Good Citizen Page 8- Rule of law Page 9- Types of Government Page 10- Systems of government

3. Systems of government Pg. 11 9/5/14

4. SYSTEMS of GOVERNMENT Before we begin let’s understand the following terms:  Central Authority= central or national government  Regional Authority = any state, county, or city government How do government systems distribute or divide power? How do government systems distribute or divide power?

5. Systems of government Pg. 11 9/5/14  Central Authority= central or national government  Regional Authority = any state, county, or city government Distribution of Power Separation of Power

6. Distribution v. Separation Distribution of Power The distribution of power is about how the government divides power between a central authority and the people/states/regions; relationship between governments Example: central government and state governments What is the difference between distributing power and separating power? Separation of Power The separation of power is about how the government is divided internally; relationship within government Example: branches of government – legislative, executive, judicial

7. We now know what to look at how power is distributed between the three systems of government: Unitary, federal and confederate ***Now turn your paper over

8. Systems of government continued Pg. 11 9/5/14 Description Diagram System Confederate

9. Confederate System Under the Articles of Confederation, the United States was a confederate government. A confederate government is one where the state/regional governments have the main power with a weak central government. The central government is run by the state/regional governments. This is what people know as the Anti-federalist wanted

10. Systems of government continued Pg. 11 9/5/14 Description Diagram System Confederate Unitary

11. Unitary System A Unitary system of government is where the main of power is in the central government, with regional/state governments having little power. This is what the people known as the Federalist wanted.

12. Systems of government continued Pg. 11 9/5/14 Description Diagram System Confederate Unitary Federal

13. Unitary System Confederate System When the central government has all the power and the regional/state have little to no power. When the regional/state holds all the power and the central government is weak. So lets review once more what we already know:

14. Compromising in the Constitution During the Philadelphia convention, the Federalists and Anti-Federalists had to reach a compromise about the distribution of power between the central government and the state governments. What would be the compromise between these two systems?

15. Federal System In a Federal system, power is shared by the central government and the state/regional governments. Both the central and state governments have their own powers, in addition to the powers that they share. This system ensures that neither the central government nor the state governments can become too powerful. This is the system of government the United States currently uses.

16. Systems of government continued Pg. 11 9/5/14 Description Diagram System Confederate Unitary Federal

17. On the next two slides there is another way to think about it. Feel free to write it down if it helps.

18. Most Centralized Least Centralized Examples: France Japan Saudi Arabia Examples: Australia Germany United States Examples: US under Articles of Confederation Confederate States of America

19. Distribution of Power in Government Think of power distribution on a continuum from strong central control to weak central control. Strong central government UnitaryConfederation Federal Weak central government

20. Now in your group: Directions Each group will be given 3 sheets of color construction paper. You will then need to use large or small circles and arrows either one sided  or double sides to create visual representation of the 3 systems of government we have discussed. One circle will represent Central (national) Authority and four of the circles will represent Regional (state) Authority. You and your group will have to decide how the circles and arrows should be set up in order to represent that system of government. I would draw them on another piece of paper first them once your group agrees you can draw it on the construction paper. You will also need to label each of the circles as either Central or Regional authority. Finally, you and your group will need to discuss and answer the questions I will post on the screen for you once we get started. Example: This just an example and isn’t correct at all Central government Regional /state Unitary

21. Questions Why do you think each of the diagrams you have set up represents about the type of systems being asking? What arguments did you and your groups have while trying to construct your diagram? Please give two characteristics for each system of government.

22. Correct diagram answers…

23. Federal Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority Division of powers.

24. Central Authority Unitary Regional Authority Key government powers are concentrated in the central authority.

25. Central Authority Confederal Regional Authority The power flows from each individual authority and the central authority has little power on its own.

26. Now let’s Debate! Which system of government to you think would work the best? Confederal or unitary? Why do you think this? Please give specifics Why do you think that a federal system was made? Talk in your groups, write down your beliefs and we will talk about them.