1. Political Corruption and The Machine

2. Cities are Growing 1870-1900- cities are growing at a record rate NYC, Chicago, and Philadelphia pass all pass the 1 million mark 11 million immigrants come to America Large number of immigrants help create a power vacuum in the city

3. Political Machines Unofficial political organizations designed to keep a certain party in office Boss of the machine was a famous or well known person with tremendous influence

4. Boss Rule Sought to mobilize the power of the immigrant and working class Bribed constituents with groceries, jobs, free pass from jail Party machine in power controlled the voting

5. Tammany Hall Democratic political machine that dominated NYC from 1830-1900 Had influence over jobs of police, firefighters, courts, schools, hospitals, etc. Extremely corrupt at times- used bribery, played favorites, gave tax breaks, used intimidation at the ballot box, had dead people and animals vote

6. Boss William Tweed Most famous and most corrupt political boss of Tammany Hall Famous for kickbacks, bribery, and “honest graft” Gave a great deal of money to schools, orphanages, and hospitals

7. Thomas Nast and the power of political cartoons Harpers Weekly cartoonist Thomas Nast goes after Tweed in his work Tweed said "Stop them damned pictures. I don't care so much what the papers say about me. My constituents don't know how to read, but they can't help seeing them damned pictures!"

16. Tweed Goes Down Tweed arrested and put in jail twice Accused of stealing more than $25 million from the city (some say as much as $200 million) Escaped to Spain, recognized from cartoons Dies in jail