1. Automated Data Capture Technologies O It is often necessary or convenient to capture data automatically, for example the delivery of a package by an Cable Ties technician to a customer. O There are many different types of automated data technologies including: 1. Bar codes 2. Matrix bar codes 3. RFID tags 4. Near Field communications 5. GPS

2. Cable Ties Automated Data Capture O Bar codes 1. All packages being delivered will have a bar code on them. 2. The bar code contains data that can uniquely identify the item. 3. When the bar code is scanned by the technician’s hand-held computer, the data is read and sent to Cable Ties’ network to confirm delivery.

3. Cable Ties Automated Data Capture O Matrix bar codes. 1. Matrix bar codes have data coded in two dimensions and are also known as QR (quick response) codes. 2. This code consists of black modules arranged in a square pattern on a white background, which can carry more data and can be read much faster than a conventional bar code. 3. QR codes have in recent years become more commonly used in packaging items for delivery, because they can be read by a variety of hand- held devices and can link directly to the business’s network.

4. Cable Ties Automated Data Capture O RFID tags 1. Radio frequency identification tags – are small devices that use radio waves to transfer data from the tag to the computer system, in order to identify it. 2. RFID tags - could be used by Cable Ties to automatically track and identify packages as they move around their warehouse. 3. Cable Ties could use RFID to ensure the correct package is put onto the correct technician’s van, ready for delivery to the customer. 4. RFID tags are more secure bar codes, because they smaller, easily attached, can be read at a distance, are not easily damaged and can set off an alarm if they are removed from the warehouse.

5. Cable Ties Automated Data Capture O GPS – Global Positioning System. 1. GPS is a satellite based system used to find positions and locations anywhere on the Earth. 2. The location information is received by the technicians smartphone via signals from satellites. 3. This means the location of the technician can be monitored by Cable Ties. 4. A GPS device records its location at set intervals and this data can be transmitted wirelessly (3G) back to Cable Ties’ computer network. 5. This data can be stored on Cable Ties’ computers and displayed on a map, to show where the technician has been. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DCdsGRLoH5E

6. Other Automated Data Capture O Near Field Communications (NFC) 1. Near field communications – are used in smartphones and credit cards to create radio links over a very short range. 2. NFC devices can be used to quickly pay for goods, by waving a phone/credit card close to a receiver. 3. Payment is contactless and quick.

7. Why use automated data capture methods? O When collecting data for use in a computer system, various factors will affect why automated data capture is chosen. 1. Nature of information - simple text, quicker than a human writing it down. 2. Cost – hardware compared to humans 3. Ease of use– Easy to automatically collect data. Bar code/RFID on package/GPS System. 4. Security – Easier to track and monitor packages. Back up data on the computers to prevent loss.

8. Why an employer may use GPS to monitor its employees 1. Employees feel safer/protected. 2. Employer can track the employee is on schedule and contact a customer to tell them the technician is on the way to them. 3. Employer has a legal “duty of care” towards its employees. 4. Employer shows it is taking care of its employees 1. Should an employer track employees during their breaks? 2. Is it spying on employees, should you trust them? 3. Could it be used to gather evidence against an employee if they weren’t where they should be. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oPShez2My6w

9. Monitoring of workers by employers MethodDescription CCTV Cookies Key logging Telephone calls Mobile phone positioning