1. Project Management – Part 1

2. Overview What is a project? Project management techniques Activity lists Network diagrams Critical path analysis Gant charts

3. Definition Project a series of jobs usually directed toward some major output and requiring a significant period of time to perform Over the next few days we’ll cover some project management techniques…

4. Activity Lists Breakdown of all activities/tasks in a project Precedence constraints One task can’t be started until another is finished Duration of activities

5. Activity List for Example Problem Activity Description Immediate Predecessors Required Activity Time (weeks) A B C D E F G H I J Select office site Create organization and financial plan Determine personnel requirements Design facility Construct the interior Select personnel to move Hire new employees Move records, key personnel, etc. Make financial arrangements Train new personnel - - B A,C D C F F B H,E,G 3 5 3 4 8 2 4 2 5 3

6. Network Diagrams Show the sequence of activities in a project Consists of nodes and arrows Nodes show activities (AON: activity on node) Arrows show precedence We won’t cover AOA (activity-on-arrow) So don’t worry about p. 270-271

7. A

8. A B

9. A BC

10. A BC

11. A BC

12. A B D C

13. A B D C

14. A B D C

15. A B D C E

16. A B D C E F

17. A B D C E F G

18. A B D C E F G H

19. A B D C E F G H I

20. A B D C E F G H I J 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5

21. Critical Path Analysis Find all paths and compute expected length ADEJ BCDEJ BCFGJ BCFHJ BI Longest path is duration of the project Delays in activities on the critical path will delay the project = 18 = 23 = 17 = 15 = 10 Critical Path

22. Early Start/Early Finish (ES/EF) The earliest an activity can be started and finished (without delaying the project). ES = 0 if no predecessors ES = maximum EF of the predecessors EF = ES + activity duration Work forward through time

23. A B D C E F G H I J 0 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 ES = 0 because no predecessors EF = 3 since 0 + 3 = 3 ESEF

24. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 5 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 ESEF 0

25. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 5 5 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 ESEF

26. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 55 8 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 ESEF

27. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 55 8 5 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 ESEF

28. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 5 5 8 5 10 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 Remember: ES is always the largest of the predecessors’ Early Finishes ESEF

29. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 5 5 8 5 10 8 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 ESEF

30. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 55 8 5 10 8 12 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 ESEF

31. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 5 5 8 5 10 8 12 8 12 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 ESEF

32. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 55 8 5 10 8 12 8 10 12 20 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 ESEF

33. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 55 8 5 10 8 12 8 10 12 20 10 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 ESEF

34. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 5 5 8 5 10 8 12 8 10 12 20 10 12 10 14 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 ESEF

35. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 5 5 8 5 10 8 12 8 10 12 20 10 12 10 14 20 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 ESEF

36. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 5 5 8 5 10 8 12 8 10 12 20 10 12 10 14 20 23 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 ESEF

37. Late Start/Late Finish (LS/LF) The latest an activity can start and finish (without delaying the project) If last activity, LF = EF of last activity on critical path LF = minimum LS of successors LS = LF – activity duration Work backwards through time

38. A B D C E F G H I J 23 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 Remember: at the last activity, LF = EF of last activity on Critical Path LF 20 23 ESEF

39. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

40. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 23 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

41. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 18 23 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

42. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 18 23 20 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

43. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 18 23 20 12 20 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 Recall, LF is equal to the smallest LS of the activity’s successors LFLS 16 18

44. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 18 23 18 20 16 20 12 20 16 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

45. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 18 23 18 20 16 20 12 20 14 16 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

46. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 18 23 18 20 16 20 12 20 12 14 16 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

47. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 18 23 18 20 16 20 12 20 8 12 14 16 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

48. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 18 23 18 20 16 20 12 20 8 14 16 8 12 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

49. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 18 23 18 20 16 20 12 20 5 8 14 16 8 12 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

50. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 18 23 18 20 16 20 12 20 5 8 14 16 8 12 8 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

51. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 18 23 18 20 16 20 12 20 5 8 14 16 8 12 5 8 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

52. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 18 23 18 20 16 20 12 20 5 8 14 16 8 12 5 8 5 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

53. A B D C E F G H I J 20 23 18 23 18 20 16 20 12 20 5 8 14 16 8 12 5 8 0 5 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS

54. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 55 8 5 10 8 12 8 10 12 20 10 12 10 14 20 23 18 23 18 20 16 20 12 20 5 8 14 16 8 12 5 8 0 5 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS ESEF

55. Slack The most you can delay an activity without delaying the project Slack = LS - ES = LF - EF Critical activities have zero slack Helps to set priorities, scrutiny of management

56. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 55 8 5 10 8 12 8 10 12 20 10 12 10 14 20 23 18 23 18 20 16 20 12 20 5 8 14 16 8 12 5 8 0 5 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS ESEF Critical activities have zero slack

57. A B D C E F G H I J 0 3 0 55 8 5 10 8 12 8 10 12 20 10 12 10 14 20 23 18 23 18 20 16 20 12 20 5 8 14 16 8 12 5 8 0 5 5 3 3 4 2 8 4 2 3 5 LFLS ESEF Critical activities have zero slack

58. Gantt Chart: Early Start/Finish 123456789 1011121314151617181920212223 A B C D E F G H I J Early Start of Activity F Late Finish of Activity F Scheduled Time of Activity F 0

59. Gantt Chart: Late Start/Finish 123 4 56789 1011121314151617181920212223 A B C D E F G H I J

61. For next time Finish reading the project management chapter