1. The joints of the bones of trunk

2. Ⅰ The vertebral column 1 The vertebral joints The joints of the vertebral bodies The joints of the vertebral arches The intervertebral disc The anterior longitudinal ligament The posterior longitudinal ligament nucleus pulposus annulus fibrosus Interspinal ligament Supraspinal ligament Intertransverse ligament The joint of articular process

3. 2 The vertebral column as a whole and its movements The vertebral column as a whole The movement of the vertebral column Anterior aspect Dorsal aspect Lateral aspect (4 curves) flexion and extension rotation circumduction

4. Ⅱ The Thorax 1 Costovertebral joint The costovertebral joints The costotransverse joints 2 Sternocostal joints : true, false and floating rib 3 The thorax ( thoracic cage) as a whole 2 openings 3 walls infrasternal angle intercostal space Superior inferior