1. Unit I. The Reading Process
Smith and Dechant: Reading is a key to success in school,

2. to the development of out-of-school interests
Unit I. The Reading Process
to the development of out-of-school interests

3. Unit I. The Reading Process
to the enjoyment of liesure time and to personal and social adjustment.

4. Unit I. The Reading Process
Villamin considers reading as the key that unlocks the door of enlightenment and enjoyment and basic tool for learning.

5. Unit I. The Reading Process
Reading teachers are faced with difficulties in teaching pupils not only in decoding but also reading comprehension.

6. Unit I. The Reading Process
A basic understanding of what is reading all about is how to perform the task of teaching the reading skill

7. Unit I. The Reading Process
Reading is bringing the meaning to rather than gaining of meaning from the printed page.

8. Reading involves much more than recognition of the graphic symbol.
Unit I. The Reading Process
Reading involves much more than recognition of the graphic symbol.

9. Unit I. The Reading Process
Reading is the process in which information from the text and the knowledge possessed by to produce meaning.

10. Unit I. The Reading Process
Reading consists of two major components: recognizing and analyzing words i.e. decoding and comprehension

11. Describe and explain how readers construct meaning from written texts.
Theoretical Models of Reading
Describe and explain how readers construct meaning from written texts.

12. Theoretical Models of Reading
Murray's Interactive Theory postulates that reading is an interaction involving the reader and the text being read.

13. According to Ehri,
1. Knowledge of language which enables the reader to recognize sentences, syntax, semantics, pragmatics.

14. According to Ehri,
2. Knowldge of the world/ background knowledge including encyclopedia and experiential knowledge.

15. According to Ehri,
3. Metacognitive knowledge which enables readers to monitor their own comprehension.

16. According to Ehri,
4. Knowledge of the alphabetic-phonemic (letter-sound) systems involve knowing how the spelling represents the speech.

17. Models of Reading
Gough's Bottom-Up Model is the text rather than what the reader brings to the text. .

18. Models of Reading
Goodman's Top-Down Model – The readers bring information based on the past experiences with language and their world to the act of reading.

19. Models of Reading
Interactive Model postulated by Rumelhart is a combination of the bottom and up and top-down views of reading. .

20. The Perceptual Nature of Reading Process
Involves meaning and perception
ex. Chair

21. Perception would be as many interpretations of that object as there were viewers.

22. Learning Principle and the Reading Process
- The reading material should be suited to the level of students

23. Learning Principle and the Reading Process
-The teacher should motivate the children before every lesson is undertaken such as pictures, songs, verses, stories.

24. - The motivation is pleasurable to the learners
Learning Principle and the Reading Process
- The motivation is pleasurable to the learners

25. Learning Principle and the Reading Process
- The students should be free from tension and motivated by praise not threat. e.g. Rewarding with “Stars”

26. - Interest to learn should come from within the child.
Learning Principle and the Reading Process
- Interest to learn should come from within the child.

27. Learning Principle and the Reading Process
- The child is assured to do better and succeed next time and make him to accept failure easier.

28. Learning Principle and the Reading Process
- The teacher should involve the child in deciding what he/she prefers to do and how to do it successfully.

29. Learning Principle and the Reading Process
- A pupil who had sad experience in the past is hampered in their learning.

30. Learning Principle and the Reading Process
- There is more learning when the child actively performed the activities

31. Learning Principle and the Reading Process
- Meaningful materials and meaningful tasks are learned more compare to difficult and unfamiliar ones

32. - Drill and practice are necessary for more permanent learning.
Learning Principle and the Reading Process
- Drill and practice are necessary for more permanent learning.

33. Learning Principle and the Reading Process
- Letting the child know his/her performance is a good motivation to improve more.

34. Learning Principle and the Reading Process
-When the pupil truly learns a reading skill, he will have no difficulty applying or using that skill in other learning context.

35. Learning Principle and the Reading Process
- Review is a part of the lesson to make connections and associations with the new lesson.

36. Learning Principle and the Reading Process
-Conducting learning activities that cater to the different personalities of the learners.

37. Factors That Affect Reading
* Physiological Factors
Left to Right Orientation

38. Terms related to Reading
1. Fixation
2. Interfixation movements
3. Return sweeps
4. Regressions

39. Terms related to Reading
5. Span recognition
6. Duration of Fixation
7. Intellectual Factors
8. Psychological Factors
9. Linguistic Factors
10. Sociological Factors

40. Reading as a Developmental Task
1.Reading Readiness
2. Beginning Reading
3. Period of Rapid Growth
4. Period of Refinement