1. BEN-GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV TASK 1: ISRAEL – PALESTINE - EU CONTEXT C 3 EU RESEARCH WORKSHOP #1 NOVEMBER 15-19, 2015

2. CONTEXT - ISRAEL Historical background 1957-9 Beginning (3 rd delegation to the ECC) 1964-75 Three Trade agreements 1980 Venice declaration – Shadow on relations 1991-4 Madrid/Oslo & Essen declaration 1995 Association agreement (2000 adopted) 1995 Euro-Med (Barcelona Process) 2000’s – Rules of origin

3. CONTEXT - ISRAEL Nowadays 2004 ENP (European Neighborhood Policy) 2005 Israel ADOPTS (not signing) the ENP action plan 2008 Luxemburg declaration… but freezing of the relation due to Gaza operation 2008 – 2013 Upgrade to update (same same but…) 2013 EU’s Guidelines 2013 Offering to Israel and Palestinians special privilege if… 2014 Horizon 2020 (Research and development) 2015 Marking products from settlements

4. CONTEXT - ISRAEL Commercial and more… Horizon 2020 as a main framework EU the biggest trade partner of Israel Israel on the 27 th place on the trade partners list of the EU Israel take part on “Galileo” space program Beside the Commercial part we can find many programs, funds, organizations, cooperation, etc. on many fields: research & development, academia, education, environment, cultural, NGO's. Many Israeli institutions getting funds thru the ENPI (European Neighborhood & Partnership Instrument) Israel and the EU have few cooperative research centers and projects such as JRC, EURKEA, COST, Space program, etc. Programs such as Erasmus+, Euro-Med, Euro-Med Youth, The European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights, Investing in People, Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), Non State Actors and Local Authorities in Development, Environmental and Natural resources, Migration and Asylum, etc. 42% of Israelis would be EU citizens (8% nowadays)

5. CHALLENGES - ISRAEL The Israeli society’s perception (80-85% wants to join but 75% sees the EU as anti-Semitic) Holocaust memory The occupation – the huge gap The linkage (commercial to political) Marking Settlements products (“Marking Jewish products”)- Basically political / BDS Anti-Semitism growing Multilateral programs Immigration

6. CONTEXT - PALESTINE Historical background 1971 The Schuman secret document 1980 The Venice declaration 1993/4 Oslo agreement – Leads to years of hope 1995-7 EMP – Barcelona Process

7. CONTEXT - PALESTINE Nowadays 2003-5 ENP 2006 Hamas wins the elections (Game changer) 2013 Special privilege if… 2014 EU Parliament votes yes for Palestinian state 2014 Hamas removed technically from the terrorist organization list 600 million Euro each year for… And so?

8. CONTEXT - PALESTINE Commercial and more… In 2013 and 2014, €168 million of direct financial assistance to the PA were provided under PEGASE, including a new window to support East Jerusalem’s hospitals with €13 million The European Neighborhood Instrument (ENI) is the main EU financial instrument for 2014-2020. The indicative financial bilateral allocation under the ENI for the period 2014-2015 will be in the range of €508-€621 million. Cultural cooperation with Europeans and the EU is very close. Since the signature of the Barcelona Declaration in 1995, the PNA has been a full and equal partner in the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (Euro-Med) and the European Neighborhood Policy (ENP). The EU-PNA ENP Action Plan was approved in 2005. EUNIC -aims to build an active European network whose primary goal is to foster European cultural co-operation with partners in the occupied Palestinian territory by developing and promoting shared projects in all cultural fields. the Mediterranean Science, Policy, Research & Innovation Gateway - MED- SPRING project - is a coordination and support action

9. CHALLENGES - PALESTINE Occupation Perception that the EU except Israel’s violation of Human rights 2 states? (West Bank - PLO and Gaza - Hamas) Islamophobia

10. FUTURE DIRECTIONS – ISRAEL – PALESTINE - EU Special privilege partnership (both sides) The conflict is not on the headlines anymore (ISIS, Immigrants wave, etc.)? Israel is looking for new markets (Asia, Russia)

11. REFERENCES Israel “Agreements” in EU Delegation to Israel website: http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/israel/eu_israel/political_relations/agreements/index_he.htm (acc. in 1.11.15) http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/israel/eu_israel/political_relations/agreements/index_he.htm “Commercial relations with Israel” in EU Delegation to Israel website: http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/israel/eu_israel/trade_relation/bilateral_trade/index_he.htm (acc. in 1.11.15) http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/israel/eu_israel/trade_relation/bilateral_trade/index_he.htm “EU Relations with Israel” in Europa website: http://eeas.europa.eu/israel/index_en.htm (acc. in 1.11.15)http://eeas.europa.eu/israel/index_en.htm “European Neighbourhood Policy” in Europa website: http://eeas.europa.eu/enp/about-us/index_en.htm (acc. in 1.11.15)http://eeas.europa.eu/enp/about-us/index_en.htm “Horizon 2020” on the European Commission website: http://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/ (acc. in 1.11.15)http://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/ “Institutional Frame” in EU Delegation to Israel website: eeas.europa.eu/delegations/israel/eu_israel/political_relations/institutional_framework/index_he.htm (acc. in 1.11.15) “List of Projects” in EU Delegation to Israel website: http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/israel/projects/list_of_projects/projects_he.htm (acc. in 1.11.15) http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/israel/projects/list_of_projects/projects_he.htm Muller, P. and Pardo S. (2015), The European Neighbourhood Policy, Israel and Palestine (Not Published Yet). “Overview” in EU Delegation to Israel website: http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/israel/projects/overview/index_he.htm (acc. in 1.11.15) http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/israel/projects/overview/index_he.htm

12. REFERENCES Pardo, S. (2015), “The Origins of a Strained Relationship”, in Neuss, B. and Notzold, A. The Southern Mediterranean, Challenges to the European Foreign and Security Policy (Schriftenreihe des Arbeitskreises Europäische Integration e.V., vol. 85), pp. 257-280. “Political Agreements” in EU Delegation to Israel website: http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/israel/eu_israel/political_relations/agreements/index_he.htm (acc. in 1.11.15) http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/israel/eu_israel/political_relations/agreements/index_he.htm

13. REFERENCES Palestine "EC Assistance to the Palestinians" in Europa website: http://eeas.europa.eu/palestine/ec_assistance/index_en.htm (acc. In 1.11.2015) Greilsammer. I and Weiler. J, "European Political Cooperation and the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict: An Israeli Perspective", in European Foreign Policy Making and the Arab Israeli Conflicts, ed. David and Alfred Pijpers (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers: The Hague, 1984), 121-60, 133. "Interim Association Agreement on Trade and Cooperation" in EUR-Lex website: http://eur- lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:21997A0716%2801%29:EN:HTML (acc. In 2.11.2015) Muller, P. and Pardo S. (2015), The European Neighbourhood Policy, Israel and Palestine (Not Published Yet) "Palestine Country Report" in Culture in EU External Relations website: http://cultureinexternalrelations.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/country-report-Palestine-26.02.2014.pdf (acc. In 1.11.2015)

14. REFERENCES Santoro. S and Nasrallah. R (2009), "Conflict and hope: the EU in the eyes of Palestine", in Lucarelli. S and Fioramonti. External Perceptions of the European (Routledge; Reprint edition October 31, 2009), pp. 87-105 "Yearly Repository Progress Report 2013" in The Mediterranean Science, Policy, Research & Innovation Gateway - MED-SPRING website: http://www.medspring.eu/sites/default/files/D3.1%20- %20Yearly%20repository%20progress%20report.pdf (acc. In 2.11.2015)