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April 27 th Learning Target I can understand the threat of nuclear proliferation. Opener Name all the countries you can think of that have nuclear weapons.
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Nuclear Proliferation The spread of nuclear weapons to countries that do not already have them
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Ten-Second Share Predict Why might nuclear proliferation be a bad thing?
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Spread of Nuclear Weapons 1945: United States makes first ever nuclear weapon 1949: Soviet Union tests their first nuclear weapon
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Spread of Nuclear Weapons 1952: United Kingdom test first bomb 1960: France tests first bomb 1964: China develops first bomb with help from USSR
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Stopping Nuclear Proliferation In the 1960s, U.S. and Soviet Union began to fear the further spread of nuclear weapons Believed that 25 countries were within a decade of building nukes More countries with nukes = more likely that nukes will be used
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Summarizing Main Ideas Why did the United States and the Soviet Union want to stop nuclear proliferation in the 1960s? 1-2 complete sentences
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Stopping Nuclear Proliferation Nuclear Non- Proliferation Treaty (NPT) signed in 1970 Result of U.S. and USSR cooperation Originally had 62 countries sign
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NPT Divides world into two categories: Countries with nukes as of 1965 Countries without nukes
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NPT Countries without nukes Will not attempt to build or develop nuclear weapons Countries with nukes Will not help other countries get nukes Will reduce their number of nukes
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Summarizing Main Ideas What were the terms of the NPT? 1-2 complete sentences.
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Ten-Second Share Decide Why might the NPT be seen as hypocritical?
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NPT U.S. and Russia began reducing their nuclear weapons 1972: SALT 1 treaty 1991: START 1 treaty 2009: New START treaty
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NPT By 2003: all but 3 countries had signed NPT Israel India Pakistan
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Ten-Second Share Predict Why did these three countries not sign the NPT?
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Israel Secretly built its first nukes in 1966 Built to protect itself from surrounding countries Has somewhere between 80-400 weapons Officially does not admit having weapons, but does not hide program
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India First successful test in 1974 Built to protect itself from Pakistan 90-110 weapons
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Pakistan First successful test in 1998 Built in response to India’s nukes 120 weapons
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Israel, India, Pakistan All three countries argue that the NPT is not fair Argue that they have right to defend themselves just like the nuclear-armed countries
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Summarizing Main Ideas Write 2-3 complete sentences explaining your opinion on the question below: Is the NPT fair?
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Modern Proliferation: North Korea North Korea started nuclear program in 1980s Signs multiple agreements with U.S. to end nuclear program But continues program anyway
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Modern Proliferation: North Korea 2003: North Korea withdraws from NPT 2006: North Korea tests first nuclear weapon https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CMsgXOw4SN 8&t=16
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Modern Proliferation: North Korea U.S. has continued to negotiate with North Korea UN has imposed lots of sanctions But North Korea continues to build more nuclear weapons Estimated 5-12 crude weapons
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Ten-Second Share Review Based on your prior knowledge about North Korea, why might it be dangerous for them to have nuclear weapons?
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Modern Proliferation: Iran Signed NPT in 1970 1995: began developing nuclear energy program with help from Russia 2002: U.S. discovered secret Iranian nuclear plants
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Modern Proliferation: Iran 2004: U.S. began negotiating with Iran to end nuclear program 2006: U.N. passed sanctions against Iran 2009: U.S.-Israeli cyberattack destroyed part of Iranian nuclear plant
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Modern Proliferation: Iran Iran continues to operate nuclear plant Not building bombs yet But getting close to point where they could Argue they have a right to protect themselves from U.S. and Israel
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Summarizing Main Ideas Write 2-3 Big Ideas from this lecture.
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Closure Should the U.S. be concerned about nuclear proliferation?
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