1. The Industrial Revolution 1700’s - 1800’s

2. Introduction  Who: people in Western Europe and United States  What: the life-changing period when products began to be made by machines in factories.  Where: Europe and USA  When: 1700’s-1800’s  Why: allowed goods to be made quicker and cheaper, made life easier

3. Industrial Revolution Introduction Handouts: Introduction and Social Classes in Europe

4. Introduction Read the next slide. Then, using the Venn Diagram, compare and contrast the way life in Europe was described to the way life is today.

5. “It was dawn. Thick, black, smoke rose from the tall smokestack of the factory. The smoke and the roar of machines signaled that the factory workday had begun. Inside, women and children worked at rows of machines that wove cotton thread into cloth. Their work was dirty, noisy, and dangerous. The day before, a worker had severely injured his hand in a machine. Today, another worker stood in his place Both were only 13 years old. But the machines kept going. Workers fed them thread for 12 hours a day – every day – six days a week. Vacations did not exist, and there were few breaks.” excerpt from textbook: Prentice Hall World Studies South America and Europe

6. The Industrial Revolution Until the late 1700s:  All goods were made by hand  People either:  Made what they needed  Bought it from a craftsperson  Paid an extreme high price at a store

7. Changes in Production  First machines of Industrial Revolution were made in Great Britain to speed up the weaving of textiles (cloth products)  Large factories housed the machines.  Factory work varied immensely from work done by hand. How are factories different from working at home?

8. Pre-Revolution Revolution Hand-made v Factory Made  Person would do all aspects of the work  Very time consuming  Costly  Jobs are divided up  Different machines had different tasks  Machines worked much quicker than a person  Less expensive than working by hand

9. Connection List three machines that allow tasks to be performed quicker than doing something by hand. Name the invention and describe the task that is easier because of this invention.

10. The Revolution The Industrial Revolution created inventions in areas of:  Machinery  Goods were produced quickly, cheaply  Transportation  People could travel more quickly and cheaply  Communication  People separated long distances could talk to one another easier  Agriculture  Food could be grown in larger quantities, transported quicker  Misceleanous  Making every-day life easier and safer

11. Negatives of the Industrial Revolution  Cities grew rapidly  What are negatives of rapid population growth?  People lived in cramp, dirty housing  Disease spread rapidly

12. Reality of Factory Life  Workers were taken advantage of  Extremely low wages  Unsafe conditions  Extremely long work days and work weeks  This was for men, women and children

13. Child Labor Children worked in dangerous factories, coalmines and other hard labor jobs. Children would start working as young as five years old and sometimes even younger. They had very long working hours, which would start as early as 3:00 a.m. and they were expected to work 12-16 hours a day. They were paid very little. Factories wanted children to work because they were cheaper labor then adults. The jobs that were expected of them were often very dangerous and difficult. Many boys had to guide ponies and donkeys through the mines. There were many dangers involved in working in the mine, such as explosions, floods, cave-ins and black lung. Black lung was a respiratory disease caused by breathing coal dust. Many girls worked hard in the factories. Most women worked in the textile industry. Children did not have the opportunity to attend school or even get to play with other children. 1.What was an acceptable age for a child laborer 2.What jobs did children typically do? How long were their days? 3.Why were children viewed as great laborers? 4.What were dangers of child labor?

14. Worker’s Rights  Workers slowly began to form labor unions to demand better working conditions.  Organizations meant to protect the rights and safety of workers  Early 1900’s – governments began passing laws to protect workers  Conditions began to improve and wages rose  The Industrial Revolution helped give people a greater voice in government.  With this European countries became more democratic

15. Summary 1.Why was this considered a true revolution? 2.What revolution are we a part of now?