1. What do you need to know today? 1.Population is dynamic and changes over time and space. 2. This change reflects historical, cultural, social and historic influences. Issue 3 Urban-Rural Interaction 3. Technology has had a major influence on population change. Demographic Transition

2. Model 1: The DTM (Demographic Transition Model) Stage A / 1 Both high birth rates and death rates fluctuate in the first stage of the population model giving a small population growth (shown by the small total population graph).

3. Model 1: The DTM (Demographic Transition Model) Stage B / 2 Birth rates remain high, but death rates fall rapidly causing a high population growth (as shown by the total population graph).

4. Model 1: The DTM (Demographic Transition Model) Stage C / 3 Birth rates now fall rapidly while death rates continue to fall. The total population begins to peak and the population increase slows to a constant.

5. Model 1: The DTM (Demographic Transition Model) Stage D / 4 Both birth rates and death rates remain low, fluctuating with 'baby booms' and epidemics of illnesses and disease. This results in a steady population.

6. Model 1: The DTM (Demographic Transition Model) Stage E / 5? A stage 5 was not originally thought of as part of the DTM, but some northern countries are now reaching the stage where total population is declining where birth rates have dropped below death rates.

7. Model 2: The PPM (Population Pyramid Model) The PPM - 'Population Pyramid Model' shows how dynamic (subject to change) population is. The model is structured to show 'snapshots' of a population at four points during its development, which are shown as Stages 1 - 4 (A - D). A country will progress through the stages.

8. Case Study of Population Change Over Time - DTM and Pyramids for UK (1780 - present)