1. BELLWORK 1.After WWII, which countries remained dominant and powerful? 2.What do you think is the main difference between communism and democracy? 3.What is the difference between a HOT war and a COLD war? Give a guess. 4.What was the purpose of the League of Nations? Was it successful? 5.THINKER: The Cold War is characterized by an intense fear of communism. In your opinion, why were so many Americans scared of communism? Explain!

2. HOT vs. COLD HOT war- actual fighting between two forces. COLD war- still a conflict but more of ideas than actual battles. Fighting still occurs but not between the two major enemies.

3. What is a “cold war”? A struggle of ideas without actual battlefields or armies facing off In this “Cold War” the ideologies of the United States & the Soviet Union, of Capitalist Democracy versus Communism, square off against each other. The Cold War was the struggle between these two Superpowers to gain worldwide influence.

4. After WWII Europe is destroyed. No longer is Germany, France or Great Britain the seat of power. Power has shifted to the United States and the Soviet Union. The first place that the struggle for post-war domination will begin is Europe.

6. Cold War Intro Questions As we learn about the Cold War, you need to understand the background of US- Soviet tensions. As an intro to this unit, you will read chapter 21, section 1, pgs. 640-645 and answer the following 10 questions in your notes. Be ready to discuss!

7. Questions 1.What was the purpose of the UN? 2.How is power divided within the UN? 3.Which two US presidents tried to work with Stalin after WWII? How did this turn out? 4.How did Stalin break his promise from the Yalta Conference? 5.What are satellite nations? 6.What was the iron curtain? 7.Describe the policy of containment. 8.Describe post-WWII conditions in Greece. How did America help? (Truman Doctrine!) 9.Who was George C. Marshall? 10.What was the Marshall Plan?

8. What was the purpose of the United Nations? Maintain peace by guaranteeing the security of member nations Foster good relations among nations Encourage cooperation on economic, cultural, and humanitarian problems

9. How is power divided within the UN? Security Council –Decides political/military disputes –11 members (5 permanent are Britain, China, France, Soviet Union, U.S.) General Assembly –Policy making body –Each member nation has one vote Economic and Social Council International Court of Justice Trusteeship Council

11. Modern Role The UN has 192 member states. Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish are the UN official languages. Work on peacekeeping, peace building, and conflict prevention throughout nations. Basically make sure the world is a better, safer place. They also work on racial/gender equality, protecting the environment, preventing terrorism, and disaster relief for today and future generations.

12. United Nations General Assembly Hall United Nations Security Council Chamber

13. UN HEADQUARTERS. The current Secretary- General of the UN, Ban Ki- Moon

14. Which two US presidents tried to work with Stalin after WWII? How did this turn out? President Roosevelt President Truman U.S. believed the best way to achieve security was to strengthen democracy in Europe. Stalin wanted to establish pro-Soviet governments in Eastern Europe.

15. How did Stalin break his promise from the Yalta Conference? At Yalta, Stalin promised to allow free elections in Poland if he received control of the country. THIS GOES AGAINST COMMUNIST BELIEFS!!! Stalin refused to allow free elections Stalin ousted any non- Communists from the government

16. What are satellite nations? Countries controlled by the Soviet Union They had their own governments, but were still heavily influenced by the Soviet Union. What were some examples of Soviet Satellite nations?

17. What was the iron curtain? Soviet-made divider that split Europe into non-Communist Western Europe and Communist Eastern Europe. Winston Churchill first used it in a speech: –“From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended cross the continent of Europe.” THIS IS NOT A REAL BARRIER!

18. Describe the policy of containment. 1947 – George Kennan Stop the spread of communism!

19. Describe post-WWII conditions in Greece. How did America help? (Truman Doctrine!) By 1947, local Communists were fighting against pro-Western monarchy. Aided by communists in Yugoslavia and Albania. US feared that if Greece fell to communism, the rest of Europe would follow. Truman Doctrine: Loan money to nations who are threatened by communism. Congress gave Greece $400 million in aide

21. Who was George C. Marshall? Chief of Staff in the U.S. Army during WWII Secretary of State under President Truman Proposed an aide program, known as the Marshall Plan.

22. What was the Marshall Plan? Aided nations who were destroyed by WWII. US feared that unstable countries would find communism more appealing. If they were given money to rebuild their government/economy, they would stay democratic.

24. CLOSURE For closure, you are going to complete a worksheet on the Cold War. As a class, we will discuss the causes side. Do NOT do the effects….yet! For homework, you will complete the back side on the two alliances during the Cold War – NATO and Warsaw Pact