1. Catholic vs. Orthodox

2. The Great Schism East-West Schism or the Great Schism – Eastern Greek and Western Latin – Split the Church over political and ecclesiastical differences Split becomes permanent – 1204-Latin Crusaders sack Constantinople – 1274-temporarily reunited Churches – 1484-31 years after fall of Constantinople to the Turks, Orthodox Church officially breaks with Roman West – 2002- Pope John Paul II finally reunites the two Churches

3. Differences Catholic Pope – Head of Catholic Church – Infallible (never wrong) – Supreme authority Until mid-20 th century held massive power over governments and lower Church officials – Conducted service in Latin Mid-20 th Century uses native languages – 1 Billion members Orthodox Patriarch – Highest Bishop (first among equals) – Not infallible – No supreme power – Conducted service in Native languages Greece, Russia, Bulgaria, Serbia, East Europe – 250 Million members

4. Differences Catholic Original Sin – Adam and Eve and how it applies to the Mother Mary Mary was born without original sin (perfect person for Jesus) – Use of Statues of Saints – Preeminent place for Mother Mary – Catholic Priests remain celibate (cannot marry) – Idea of Purgatory Place between Heaven and Earth for tortured souls – Strict following of Confession Orthodox Original Sin – No difference; Mary was a person who would live and die as normal Chosen by God due to virtuous life – Icons – Orthodox Priests can marry Monks may not-only Monks may move to the position of Bishop – No belief in Purgatory – Easter day is calculated differently – No strict following of Confession

5. Similarities Council of Nicea – Contents of the Bible – Rules of the Church Baptism is necessary for salvation Belief in the Trinity Father -> Son -> Holy Ghost No Divorce policy