1. Slide 1 of 28 Classifying the Elements 6.2

2. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 2 of 28 6.2 Classifying the Elements A coin may contain much information in a small space— its value, the year it was minted, and its country of origin. Each square in a periodic table also contains information. You will learn what types of information are usually listed in a periodic table.

3. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Slide 3 of 28 6.2 Squares in the Periodic Table What type of information can be displayed in a periodic table?

4. Slide 4 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Squares in the Periodic Table The periodic table displays the symbols and names of the elements, along with information about the structure of their atoms. 6.2 Atomic Number = Z Average Atomic Mass = A

5. Slide 5 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Squares in the Periodic Table The background colors in the squares are used to distinguish groups of elements. The Group 1 elements are called alkali metals. The Group 2 elements are called alkaline earth metals. The nonmetals of Group 17 are called halogens. 6.2

6. Slide 6 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Squares in the Periodic Table 6.2

7. © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Slide 7 of 28 Electron Configurations in Groups How can elements be classified based on their electron configurations? 6.2

8. Slide 8 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Electron Configurations in Groups Elements can be sorted into noble gases, representative elements, transition metals, or inner transition metals based on their electron configurations. 6.2

9. Slide 9 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Electron Configurations in Groups This blimp contains helium, one of the noble gases, family 18. 6.2

10. Slide 10 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Electron Configurations in Groups The Noble Gases The noble gases are the elements in Group 18 of the periodic table. The electron configurations for the first four noble gases in Group 18 are listed below. 6.2

11. Slide 11 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Electron Configurations in Groups The Representative Elements Elements in groups 1, 2, 13 through 18 are often referred to as representative (main group) elements because they display a wide range of physical and chemical properties. The s and p sublevels of the highest occupied energy level are not filled. The group number equals the number of electrons in the highest occupied energy level. 6.2

12. Slide 12 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Electron Configuration in Groups Each group has the same valence electron configuration (electrons in the highest occupied energy level). It is the number and type of valence electrons that determines an atom’s chemistry.

13. Slide 13 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Electron Configurations in Groups In atoms of the Group 1 elements below, there is only one electron in the highest occupied energy level. 6.2

14. Slide 14 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Electron Configurations in Groups In atoms of the Group 14 elements below, there are four electrons in the highest occupied energy level. 6.2

15. Slide 15 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Representative Elements 6.2

16. Slide 16 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Representative Elements 6.2 Sodium Party

17. Slide 17 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Representative Elements 6.2 Sources of White Arsenic 2005

18. Slide 18 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Representative Elements 6.2 Know what it smells like?

19. Slide 19 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Transition Elements There are two types of transition elements— transition metals and inner transition metals. They are classified based on their electron configurations. 6.2

20. Slide 20 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Transition Elements In atoms of a transition metal, the highest occupied s sublevel and a nearby d sublevel contain electrons. In atoms of an inner transition metal, the highest occupied s sublevel and a nearby f sublevel generally contain electrons. 6.2

21. Slide 21 of 28 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying the Elements > Transition Elements Blocks of Elements 6.2

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