1. Sports Nutrition Lesson 21

2. CHO Ergogenics Turning CHO into the APT that muscles use for energy is a chain of events. Each step is controlled by particular enzyme. The theory is that energy production could be limited if one of these is in short supply.

3. CHO Ergogenics Pyruvate Pyruvate is a metabolic by-product of glycolysis. Pyruvate was isolated and used as a supplement with the idea that it would increase the available energy. In several well controlled studies, it was shown to be inneffective.

4. CHO Ergogenics Lactate Salts Lactic acid is a metabolic by-product of glycolysis. It is often associated with fatigue, but scientists think that is because its chemical structure is acidic. The lactate still possesses considerable energy. Various lactate supplements have been studied.

5. CHO Ergogenics One supplement is a sports drink called Cytomax. It contains lactate in a patented form along with fructose, glucose, and a glucose polymer. Studies with and without supplements such as Cytomax showed no difference in performance. http://www.amazon.com/s/?ie=UTF8&keywords =cytomax&tag=googhydr- 20&index=aps&hvadid=1104749621&hvpos=1t 2&hvexid=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=183374830839 25135591&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=b&hvde v=c&ref=pd_sl_2yiq53otvm_b

6. CHO Ergogenics Ribose Ribose is a component of ATP. Although found in nature, little ribose is consumed in a natural diet. Recently ribose supplements (made from corn sugar) have been marketed to promote faster recovery in muscles.

7. CHO Ergogenics In healthy fit individuals, studies show that ribose supplementation has no ergogenic effect. http://www.amazon.com/s/?ie=UTF8&keywords=d-ribose&tag=googhydr- 20&index=aps&hvadid=24879890875&hvpos=1t2&hvexid=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=5319368117145444267&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvq mt=b&hvdev=c&ref=pd_sl_9shpgkpcni_b

8. CHO Ergogenics Multiple CHO By-Products Sports supplement manufacturers often combine multiple nutrients in a single supplement on the theory that each may have an ergogenic effect. Again studies show that they have no effect on performance.

9. CHO Ergogenics http://www.swansonvitamins.com/biochem- carb-phaser-1000-120-veg- caps?SourceCode=INTL405&CAWELAID=129 498235&catargetid=530002460000102405&ca device=c&mkwid=xGuG3qR0&pcrid=67697597 167&gclid=CjwKEAiAg_CnBRDc1N_wuoCiwyE SJABpBuMXgqoOKt0HUFr_pOcOO- 5nKEzGJyUyOVeje9uKptD-pxoCrgHw_wcB

10. CHO Ergogenics Key Points Metabolic by-products of carbohydrate metabolism have been tested as ergogenics. Most have been found to be ineffective.