1. Urban Patterns https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEqCsJmAe6c

2. Urban Geographers  where people and activities are distributed within urban spaces.

3. Percent Urban Population

4. St. Louis Metropolitan Area Metropolitan area- central city and its surrounding suburbs

5. Large percentage of eco activity and services are attracted to this area Retailers serving downtown workers Clustering of businesses Broker in New York? Hotel in New Orleans? Lawyers in Houston? High land costs- think NYC

6. Classic Models of Urban Structure  CBD-financial, retail, theater, museums etc.  Transition to residential with deterioration- some light industry  Blue collar labor housing  Middle class residential  Suburban ring

7. Concentric Zone (Burgess) Model (Industry and poorer-quality housing)

9. Classic Models of Urban Structure  Pie-shaped wedges created by Hoyt compensated for the drawbacks of the Ring Model  Low Rent areas & High Rent areas could extend to the outer edge  Transportation and industrial zones accounted for the sectors

10. Sector (Hoyt) Model

11.  Multiple Nuclei Sector Model- CBD is not the sole force in creating land-use patterns.  Subsidiary and competing CBDs developed (Edge Cities)  Suburbanization accelerated the change with shopping malls and mass transit

12. Fig. 13-7: The multiple nuclei model views a city as a collection of individual centers, around which different people and activities cluster.

13. The Second Urban Revolution A large scale movement of people to cities to work in manufacturing. Made possible by: 1. second agricultural revolution that improved food production and created a larger surplus 2.industrialization, which encouraged growth of cities near industrial resources

15. A Hierarchy of Educational Services Hamlet: No Schools Village: Elementary School Town: High School City: College

16. Stock Exchange Sports Stadium Regional Shopping Mall Major Department Store Income Tax Service Convenience Store Gas Station

17. How big is the trade area of a service center? It depends on... - How far a consumer is willing to travel for the service - How many customers a service needs

18.  Threshold: the minimum number of people needed to support a business  With fewer customers a store cannot afford to stay in business.  Range: the max distance which a person will travel to purchase a good or service  Beyond a certain distance people cannot afford the travel costs.

19. Play an important role in globalization and economy

20. Urban Sprawl Unrestricted growth of housing, commercial developments, and roads over large expanses of land, with little concern for urban planning. Henderson, Nevada https://www.youtube.c om/watch?v=Tmf0ugQr DFk&list=PL6C40AA351 EF3A934

21. Suburban Development in the U.S. and U.K. Some prime agricultural land may be lost through construction and other sites lie fallow, while speculators await the most profitable time to build Expensive to extend infrastructure to these new areas The low-density suburb also wastes more energy, why? Several British cities are surrounded by greenbelts, or rings of open space. Smart growth- limit suburban sprawl and preserve farmland