1. Lets study it… Participant Roles

2. Basic concept The common type of semantic roles in a simple sentence are a predicator and an argument. The argument refers to referring expression in which it is corresponded to things, persons, etc. Argument may have a participant role. It is depending on their role in a simple sentence

3. Definition and Classification… Participant roles is the roles played by the participant objects and people in a simple sentence There are five types ; Agent Affected Instrument Beneficiary Location

4. AGENT Is the person carrying out the action described Example; The gardener opened the gate. The participant role of the gardener is as an agent The president appointed a new minister. The participant role of the president is as an agent

5. AFFECTED Is the thing, sometimes the person upon which the action is carried out. Example; The gardener opened the gate. The participant role of the gate is as an affected The president appointed a new minister. The participant role of a new minister is as an affected

6. INSTRUMENT The things by means of which the action is carried out. Example; The gardener opened the gate with the key. The participant role of the key is as an instrument The novelist was killed by his own gun. The participant role of his own gun is as an instrument

7. BENEFICIARY The person for whose benefit the action described by a sentence is carried out. Example; The gardener opened the gate for the students in the campus. The participant role of the students is as a beneficiary The president sent the diplomat a compliment letter. The participant role of the diplomat is as a beneficiary

8. LOCATION Any expression referring to the place where the action described by a sentence Example; The gardener opened the gate for the students in the campus. The participant role of in the campus is as a location. The president met a new governor in his office. The participant role of in his office is as a location.

9. Now, try the exercises 1. Identify each participants in the following sentences; 1. a. Jill built Jack a luxurious house 2. b. My favorite vase was broken by a burglar 2. Identify each agents in the following sentences; 1. a. My mother planted the tree 2. b. The maid sliced the cake with a long knife 3. Make 5 simple sentence and determine the semantic roles and the participants role.

10. Notes If you have any questions, leave it to my blog, our pro board, or email and then message me. I’ll try to answer as soon as possible. Submit the exercises to my email rizkasafriyani@yahoo.com before Monday, May 2 nd 2011.rizkasafriyani@yahoo.com Do it in group of 5. One group just submit one report. Don’t forget to give the reasons (explanation) when you answer the exercises. Example : The participant role of “X” is as an agent because ….

11. GOOD LUCK