1. December 2002 Section 6c Canadian Impacts of Climate Change (3)

2. Much of Canada’s permafrost is highly sensitive to changes in climate

3. The related increase in land instability may have large impacts on human structures such as buildings roads and pipelines

4. Warmer winters will also reduce the reliability of winter roads Winter Road, Norman Wells …on frozen wetlands Ice Road, Tuktoyaktuk …or on frozen lakes and rivers

5. Benefits Adverse Impacts The net economic effect may be small if change is modest

6. Benefits Adverse Impacts …but could become very costly if the change is rapid or large