1. Fig. 5-1a, p. 100

2. Fig. 5-1b, p. 100

3. Fig. 5-2, p. 103

4. (h) When touched, snake caterpillar changes shape to look like head of snake. (a) Span worm(b) Wandering leaf insect (c) Bombardier beetle(d) Foul-tasting monarch butterfly (f) Viceroy butterfly mimics monarch butterfly (e) Poison dart frog (g) Hind wings of Io moth resemble eyes of a much larger animal.

5. (d) Foul-tasting monarch butterfly (e) Poison dart frog Fig. 5-2, p. 103 Stepped Art (h) When touched, snake caterpillar changes shape to look like head of snake. (a) Span worm(b) Wandering leaf insect (c) Bombardier beetle (f) Viceroy butterfly mimics monarch butterfly (g) Hind wings of Io moth resemble eyes of a much larger animal.

6. Fig. 5-A, p. 104

7. Fig. 5-3, p. 105

8. Fig. 5-4a, p. 105

9. Fig. 5-4b, p. 105

10. Fig. 5-5, p. 106

11. Fig. 5-5a, p. 106

12. (a) Oxpeckers and black rhinoceros

13. Fig. 5-5b, p. 106 (b) Clownfish and sea anemone

14. Fig. 5-6, p. 106

15. Fig. 5-7, p. 107

16. Resource use Species 1Species 2 Number of individuals Region of niche overlap Species 2Species 1 Number of individuals

17. Fig. 5-8, p. 107

18. Yellow-rumped Warbler Blackburnian Warbler Black-throated Green Warbler Cape May Warbler Bay-breasted Warbler

19. Fig. 5-8, p. 107 Cape May Warbler Stepped Art Blackburnian Warbler Black-throated Green Warbler Yellow-rumped Warbler Bay-breasted Warbler

20. Fig. 5-9, p. 108

21. Kona Grosbeak Fruit and seed eatersInsect and nectar eaters Kuai Akialaoa Amakihi Crested Honeycreeper Apapane Unkown finch ancestor Maui Parrotbill Akiapolaau Greater Koa-finch

22. Fig. 5-B, p. 110

23. Fig. 5-11, p. 111

24. Biotic potential Population size Time (t) Carrying capacity (K) Environmental resistance Population stabilizes Exponential growth

25. Fig. 5-12, p. 111

26. 1925 Number of sheep (millions).5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Population overshoots carrying capacity Carrying capacity Population recovers and stabilizes Exponential growth Population runs out of resources and crashes 18251800185018751900 Year

27. Fig. 5-13, p. 112

28. 2,000 Carrying capacity 19101920193019401950 Number of reindeer Population overshoots carrying capacity Population crashes 0 500 1,000 1,500 Year

29. Fig. 5-14, p. 112

30. Carrying capacity r species; experience r selection K species; experience K selection K Time Number of individuals

31. Fig. 5-15, p. 114

32. Fig. 5-16, p. 116

33. Time Exposed rocks Lichens and mosses Small herbs and shrubs Heath mat Jack pine, black spruce, and aspen Balsam fir, paper birch, and white spruce forest community

34. Fig. 5-17, p. 117

35. Time Annual weeds Annual weeds Perennial weeds and grasses Shrubs and small pine seedlings Young pine forest with developing understory of oak and hickory trees Mature oak and hickory forest

36. p. 121