1. PALEOBIOLOGICAL DATA CONSORTIUM COMMUNITY GEODATA OPEN-SOURCE BIODATA Paleobiology DB NOW DB Continental Scientific Drilling Office (CDSCO) Digimorph NOAA Paleoclimatology DarwinCore iDigPaleo MorphoBank Neotoma DB VertNet Early Career Members-at-Large ROpenSci GBIF/BISON STEPPE Open Geospatial Consortium Integrated Earth Data Alliance iDigBio C4P COMMUNITY

2. Big Questions demand assembly of individual records into larger networks What is the history of diversity of life on earth? 21,000 11,000 Modern 15,000 7,000 % Spruce distributions: last glacial maximum to present % % % No Data Williams et al. (2004) Ecological Monographs Spruce Pollen Ice How far and fast can species migrate when climates change? Marine Invertebrate Diversity, 540 Ma-Present

3. Paleoecological Data: Key characteristics ‘Long Tail’: Collected in the field by small scientific teams. Workers vary w.r.t. data management expertise, capacity, interest Highly valuable – specimens & samples collected 100 years ago are still analyzed Scientific expertise distributed by proxy type, region, time period, and/or taxonomic group C4P

4. Community Data Repositories have emerged to tackle these bigger questions Neotoma DB www.neotomadb.org Key Characteristics Open Data Curated by Community Standardized Taxonomy Time: Age Controls and Age Models Paleobiology DB paleobiodb.org

5. Challenge: Many data repositories, of varying size & scope, poorly interconnected C4P CINERGI Catalog: 224 Databases, 23 with geologic time metadata C4P CINERGI http://pivots2.azurewebsites.net/c4p.html#pv-file-selection

6. 1. Distributed scientific governance is essential for paleobiological infrastructure because of the distributed nature of expertise; no single scientist or institute can be expert for all taxa, time periods, and regions. 2.IT management should be centralized as much as possible to maximize efficiencies and sustainability. However, centralization must not come at the expense of scientific governance, participation, and engagement; Principle 1 takes priority over Principle 2. 3.Paleobiological resources should serve and interact with the geological and biological sciences. PALEOBIOLOGICAL DATA CONSORTIUM Principles C4P

7. PALEOBIOLOGICAL DATA CONSORTIUM Strategy Consolidate smaller databases by porting into larger resources Standardize web services for larger databases Share protocols and best practices among a consortium of allied geoinformatics and bioinformatics C4P

8. PALEOBIOLOGICAL DATA CONSORTIUM COMMUNITY GEODATA OPEN-SOURCE BIODATA Paleobiology DB NOW DB Continental Scientific Drilling Office (CDSCO) Digimorph NOAA Paleoclimatology DarwinCore iDigPaleo MorphoBank Neotoma DB VertNet Early Career Members-at-Large ROpenSci GBIF/BISON STEPPE Open Geospatial Consortium Integrated Earth Data Alliance iDigBio C4P COMMUNITY