1. Copyright © 2016 by Write Score LLC Grade 5

2. We are going to work on how to respond to a constructed response question using two texts… A constructed response question means you must: Answer it in several sentences. Show your ability to use details or evidence from the text(s) you read to write a correct response. Prove that you understood what you read. A constructed response question means you must: Answer it in several sentences. Show your ability to use details or evidence from the text(s) you read to write a correct response. Prove that you understood what you read.

4. Hearing in Three Dimensions Hearing in Three Dimensions By Hadley Jones When we listen to different sounds, we can also hear where they come from. We can hear a faucet dripping in a basin to our left or a bird singing up above to the right. We can hear somebody drop a crayon on a hard floor behind us, or a car drive by in front of us. Up and down, right and left, and in front and behind make up the three dimensions of our world. Sounds are vibrations in the air. We hear them because our eardrums pick up these vibrations. We each have two eardrums, one in each ear. They are delicate parts of our hearing system, tucked away inside each ear for protection. For each different sound, the eardrum picks up a different vibration. The information then goes to our brains. We recognize most of the information right away. For example, we know if we can hear music, a person talking, or a chair being moved. Our ability to locate a sound within three dimensions comes from the shape of the outside of our ears. This is the part of our ears that we can see in a mirror. We can touch our earlobes or gently cup our hands over our ears to feel the edges. This outside part also has a special job to do for our

5. hearing. It is a funnel to help the sound vibrations move inwards and get to the eardrum. Its shape also alters the sound slightly according to the direction of the sound. Our brains and experience tells us which change matches which direction. This is not something we have to think about. It happens automatically. This works well for us in most cases, but not in all of them. If we go underwater, for example, while swimming, it is less easy for us to locate sound. This is because the sound vibrations now travel through water and not through air. They arrive at our ears faster and they reach our eardrums through our bones, instead of being shaped by our outer ears. We no longer have the extra information that we had with sounds moving through the air. As we spend very little of our time underwater, this is not a big problem. For other animals, such as fish, things are different. They need to detect sounds and vibrations better to avoid their predators. Some fish have evolved to have better hearing systems for this reason. These fish have a swim bladder inside their bodies. This is like a bag that they can inflate or deflate. This helps them go up or down in the water, or

6. stay at the same depth without having to swim. The swim bladder also picks up vibrations in the water. It is linked by bone to their ears. This helps them to hear better and stay out of danger.

7. Now, let’s read the second article! Seeing in Three Dimensions

8. Seeing in Three Dimensions Seeing in Three Dimensions By Hadley Jones If you cover one eye with your hand and look out of the other one, you may notice that things look flat. You can see up and down or right and left, but that is all. When you look again with both eyes, things look normal again. Now it is easier to tell if something is a little closer or a little farther away. You can also better see if an object is round like a baseball or flat like a pancake. This is because your two eyes are not seeing exactly the same thing. Even though they are side by side and looking in the same direction, there is a small difference in what they perceive. That means that your brain receives two slightly different images. One comes from your left eye and has a small slant towards the right. The other comes from your right eye and has a small slant towards the left. This is how your left and right eyes can focus together on the same object. Your brain takes the two images and makes them into one picture. It uses the slight differences in viewpoint to create a sensation of depth. This helps us to know how far away things are. It adds a third dimension to our vision.

9. Vision in three dimensions lets you do more than just tell the difference between a ball and a pancake. It also helps you to see if something is moving towards you or away from you. Throwing a tennis ball into the air and catching it again is much easier when you use both eyes. If you can only use one eye, it becomes a lot harder. The same is true of threading a needle or painting a picture. When you look at a picture or a photo, there is no depth. Pictures and photos only exist in two dimensions. Even your left and right eyes working together cannot give a picture that extra third dimension. The same is true for television and movie theaters. The image on the television or cinema screen is also flat. However, some movie makers have found ways to make you think that you are looking at things that exist in three dimensions. They use a special camera that shoots two versions of the same movie both at the same time. The camera does this by using two camera lenses instead of one. The two lenses are placed side by side, just like your left and right eyes are side by side in your head. The two versions of the film are then projected onto the same movie screen at the same time.

10. You wear special glasses to look at the screen. The left side of the glasses only sees the version of the film shot with the left camera lens. The right side only sees the right hand version. Your brain thinks it is seeing through your left and right eyes as it normally does. It makes a 3D image in your mind. Thus, the two dimensions of the flat movie screen are turned into three dimensions to make the movie more realistic. Animals see in 3D just like humans. However, most animals do not see color in the same way as we do. Birds only see in red, blue, and ultraviolet. Yet, many predatory birds have eyesight that is much more developed than ours. This enables them to hunt and capture prey. Luckily, we don’t need our eyesight for hunting …unless it’s to find the popcorn stand at the 3D movie theater!

11. Now, I will read the constructed response question: How does our brain help us to understand what we see and hear? Use details from both texts to support your response. Now, I will read it again and underline key words to be sure I understand the question. How does our brain help us to understand what we see and hear? Use details from both texts to support your response.

12. Now, I’m going to skim back through the first article underlining examples, facts, and key details I can use to answer the question.

13. Hearing in Three Dimensions By Hadley Jones When we listen to different sounds, we can also hear where they come from. We can hear a faucet dripping in a basin to our left or a bird singing up above to the right. We can hear somebody drop a crayon on a hard floor behind us, or a car drive by in front of us. Up and down, right and left, and in front and behind make up the three dimensions of our world. Sounds are vibrations in the air. We hear them because our eardrums pick up these vibrations. We each have two eardrums, one in each ear. They are delicate parts of our hearing system, tucked away inside each ear for protection. For each different sound, the eardrum picks up a different vibration. The information then goes to our brains. We recognize most of the information right away. For example, we know if we can hear music, a person talking, or a chair being moved. Our ability to locate a sound within three dimensions comes from the shape of the outside of our ears. This is the part of our ears that we can see in a mirror. We can touch our earlobes or gently cup our hands over our ears to feel the edges. This outside part also has a special job to do for our You wear special glasses to look at the screen. The left side of the glasses only sees the version of the film shot with the left camera lens. The right side only sees the right hand version. Your brain thinks it is seeing through your left and right eyes as it normally does. It makes a 3D image in your mind. Thus the two dimensions of the flat movie screen are turned into three dimensions to make the movie more realistic. Animals see in 3D just like humans. However, most animals do not see color in the same way as we do. Birds only see in red, blue and ultraviolet. Yet many predatory birds have eyesight that is much more developed than ours. This enables them to hunt and capture prey. Luckily, we don’t need our eyesight for hunting …unless it’s to find the popcorn stand at the 3D movie theater!

14. Now, I’m going to skim back through the second article underlining examples, facts, and key details I can use to answer the question.

15. Seeing in Three Dimensions By Hadley Jones If you cover one eye with your hand and look out of the other one, you may notice that things look flat. You can see up and down or right and left, but that is all. When you look again with both eyes, things look normal again. Now it is easier to tell if something is a little closer or a little farther away. You can also better see if an object is round like a baseball or flat like a pancake. This is because your two eyes are not seeing exactly the same thing. Even though they are side by side and looking in the same direction, there is a small difference in what they perceive. That means that your brain receives two slightly different images. One comes from your left eye and has a small slant towards the right. The other comes from your right eye and has a small slant towards the left. This is how your left and right eyes can focus together on the same object. Your brain takes the two images and makes them into one picture. It uses the slight differences in viewpoint to create a sensation of depth. This helps us to know how far away things are. It adds a third dimension to our vision. Vision in three dimensions lets you do more than just tell the difference between a ball and a pancake. It also helps you to see if something is moving towards you or away from you. Throwing a tennis ball into the air and catching it again is much easier when you use both eyes. If you can only use one eye, it becomes a lot harder. The same is true of threading a needle or painting a picture. When you look at a picture or a photo, there is no depth. Pictures and photos only exist in two dimensions. Even your left and right eyes working together cannot give a picture that extra third dimension. The same is true for television and movie theaters. The image on the television or cinema screen is also flat. However, some movie makers have found ways to make you think that you are looking at things that exist in three dimensions.

16. They use a special camera that shoots two versions of the same movie both at the same time. The camera does this by using two camera lenses instead of one. The two lenses are placed side by side, just like your left and right eyes are side by side in your head. The two versions of the film are then projected onto the same movie screen at the same time. You wear special glasses to look at the screen. The left side of the glasses only sees the version of the film shot with the left camera lens. The right side only sees the right hand version. Your brain thinks it is seeing through your left and right eyes as it normally does. It makes a 3D image in your mind. Thus the two dimensions of the flat movie screen are turned into three dimensions to make the movie more realistic. Animals see in 3D just like humans. However, most animals do not see color in the same way as we do. Birds only see in red, blue and ultraviolet. Yet many predatory birds have eyesight that is much more developed than ours. This enables them to hunt and capture prey. Luckily, we don’t need our eyesight for hunting …unless it’s to find the popcorn stand at the 3D movie theater!

17. Now, I am ready to create a topic sentence that repeats key words from the question and introduces my main idea. We need our brain to hear. Our brain helps us see. Our brain helps us to understand what we see and hear. We need our brain to hear. Our brain helps us see. Our brain helps us to understand what we see and hear.

18. We need our brain to hear. Our brain helps us see. Our brain helps us to understand what we see and hear. We need our brain to hear. Our brain helps us see. Our brain helps us to understand what we see and hear.

19. Now I will use the text evidence to write my answer! Our brain helps us to understand what we see and hear. According to the article, when we hear, vibrations in the air pass through our ear. The eardrum picks up each different vibration. The information is sent to our brain. Our brain is what interprets the vibrations. This makes me think of the interpreters who help people understand another language. Our brain helps us to make sense of what the vibrations are saying. When we see, our brain helps interpret information, too. According to the article, our brain takes the image that we see in our right eye and the image we see in our left eye and puts them together into one, clear 3D image. Without our brain, we wouldn’t be able to clearly see depth and doing things like threading a needle and catching a ball would be more difficult. This makes me think that when my mom closes one eye to try to see a splinter in my finger better, she is actually making her job harder! Next time I’ll make sure she opens both eyes! Our brain is like a mini-interpreter in our head. Thank goodness it is there to help us make sense of what we see and hear.

20. I added in my explanations and thoughts about the evidence I included or cited! Our brain helps us to understand what we see and hear. According to the article, when we hear, vibrations in the air pass through our ear. The eardrum picks up each different vibration. The information is sent to our brain. Our brain is what interprets the vibrations. This makes me think of the interpreters who help people understand another language. Our brain helps us to make sense of what the vibrations are saying. When we see, our brain helps interpret information, too. According to the article, our brain takes the image that we see in our right eye and the image we see in our left eye and puts them together into one, clear 3D image. Without our brain, we wouldn’t be able to clearly see depth and doing things like threading a needle and catching a ball would be more difficult. This makes me think that when my mom closes one eye to try to see a splinter in my finger better, she is actually making her job harder! Next time I’ll make sure she opens both eyes! Our brain is like a mini-interpreter in our head. Thank goodness it is there to help us make sense of what we see and hear.

21. I wrote a conclusion or ending that restates my topic sentence. I also added a feeling! Our brain helps us to understand what we see and hear. According to the article, when we hear, vibrations in the air pass through our ear. The eardrum picks up each different vibration. The information is sent to our brain. Our brain is what interprets the vibrations. This makes me think of the interpreters who help people understand another language. Our brain helps us to make sense of what the vibrations are saying. When we see, our brain helps interpret information, too. According to the article, our brain takes the image that we see in our right eye and the image we see in our left eye and puts them together into one, clear 3D image. Without our brain, we wouldn’t be able to clearly see depth and doing things like threading a needle and catching a ball would be more difficult. This makes me think that when my mom closes one eye to try to see a splinter in my finger better, she is actually making her job harder! Next time I’ll make sure she opens both eyes! Our brain is like a mini-interpreter in our head. Thank goodness it is there to help us make sense of what we see and hear.

22. Now, I will have another look at what I wrote. I will carefully reread my response making sure I answered the question and check my spelling, capitalization, and punctuation. Our brain helps us to understand what we see and hear. According to the article, when we hear, vibrations in the air pass through our ear. The eardrum picks up each different vibration. The information is sent to our brain. Our brain is what interprets the vibrations. This makes me think of the interpreters who help people understand another language. Our brain helps us to make sense of what the vibrations are saying. When we see, our brain helps interpret information, too. According to the article, our brain takes the image that we see in our right eye and the image we see in our left eye and puts them together into one, clear 3D image. Without our brain, we wouldn’t be able to clearly see depth and doing things like threading a needle and catching a ball would be more difficult. This makes me think that when my mom closes one eye to try to see a splinter in my finger better, she is actually making her job harder! Next time I’ll make sure she opens both eyes! Our brain is like a mini-interpreter in our head. Thank goodness it is there to help us make sense of what we see and hear.

23. You are going to respond to this question: There are situations in which people may not accurately interpret what they are seeing or hearing. According to the articles, what could cause this to happen? Use details from the text to support your response. follow the same steps I did as you answer this question.

24. Now, try to do what I did when I responded to a constructed response question. Write a topic sentence that repeats key words from the question and states your main idea. Elaborate the middle with evidence from the text. Write a conclusion that restates the topic sentence and add a thought or feeling.

25. Seeing in Three Dimensions Hearing in Three Dimensions. Read the articles Seeing in Three Dimensions and Hearing in Three Dimensions. Then, write a response to the constructed response question below. Both articles mention animals. According to the articles, how does an animal’s ability to see or hear differ from ours? Use details from BOTH articles in your response.