1. US History

2.  Ongoing debate since prior to the founding of the United States.  Debated, but not addressed, in the Declaration of Independence.

3. North Small Farms Many Large Cities Factories & Business Labor reliant on new immigrants South Large Plantations Few Large Cities Agriculture Labor reliant on slavery

5.  As the United States Expanded, BALANCE of Slave and Free States became a concern.  The South wanted new states to be SLAVE STATES, the North wanted new states to be FREE STATES.  Why did they want to keep a balance of FREE and SLAVE states?

6.  More people were beginning to become VOCAL about their opposition to slavery.  John Brown, although viewed in different ways, kick started the Abolitionist movement.  Harriet Tubman, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Frederick Douglass, and other social leaders were beginning to grow frustrated with the South’s “peculiar institution” of slavery.

7.  Robert E. Lee was the leader of the Confederate Army. He was highly revered by the South and highly respected by the North.  Ulysses S. Grant was the eventual leader of the Union Army, but only after a string of unsuccessful generals.

8.  Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin made slavery even more important for the South. Made cotton a lucrative crop, but slave labor was needed to harvest.  The Railroad & the Telegraph made transportation and communication key – especially for the Northern victory.

9.  Elected in 1860.  Self-taught lawyer  Strong opinions, high ideals  Preservation of the Union his main goal.  Freeing the Slaves was his ideal.  A master politician – he knew how to work with opposing opinions, how to compromise, and how to placate people  He assembled a “Team of Rivals” – he gathered people who were his political enemies to start preserving the Union.

10.  Slavery  North & South Cultural and Economic Differences  The balance of Free and Slave States in Westward Expansion  The Growing American Conscience, Abolitionists.  The Military Leaders: Grant & Lee  The role of Innovation and Invention in US History  Abraham Lincoln’s historic presidency