1. BYZANTIUM & RUSSIA BYZANTINE EMPIRE, 600 - 1200 Church and State Emperors established Christianity as official religionEmperors established Christianity as official religion Continuation of Roman Imperial rule and tradition (imperial law)Continuation of Roman Imperial rule and tradition (imperial law) Emperor was appointed patriarch; would regularly intervene in doctrinal disputes within the empireEmperor was appointed patriarch; would regularly intervene in doctrinal disputes within the empire

2. BYZANTIUM & RUSSIA BYZANTINE EMPIRE, 600 - 1200 Church and State (cont) Byzantines were basically united, but faced threats from outside:Byzantines were basically united, but faced threats from outside: Goths and Huns from North (easiest)Goths and Huns from North (easiest) Sasanids from east (harassed for almost 300 years)Sasanids from east (harassed for almost 300 years) Muslim Arabs seized Syria, Egypt and Tunisia…losses permanently reduce power of empireMuslim Arabs seized Syria, Egypt and Tunisia…losses permanently reduce power of empire

3. BYZANTIUM & RUSSIA BYZANTINE EMPIRE, 600 - 1200 Church and State (cont) Experienced declining relations with the popes and princes of western EuropeExperienced declining relations with the popes and princes of western Europe Formal schism occurs in 1054:Formal schism occurs in 1054: West – Latin Church, with Pope at head of churchWest – Latin Church, with Pope at head of church East – Orthodox Church, run with Caesaropapism (emperor decides on issues of faith and church)East – Orthodox Church, run with Caesaropapism (emperor decides on issues of faith and church)

4. BYZANTIUM & RUSSIA BYZANTINE EMPIRE, 600 - 1200 Society and Urban Life Experienced a decline of urbanism:Experienced a decline of urbanism: Territorial losses to ArabsTerritorial losses to Arabs Bubonic PlagueBubonic Plague Urban Elite disappear:Urban Elite disappear: Aristocrats and rural landowners become more powerfulAristocrats and rural landowners become more powerful

5. BYZANTIUM & RUSSIA BYZANTINE EMPIRE, 600 - 1200 Economy: Emperors intervene in the economy:Emperors intervene in the economy: Set pricesSet prices Control provision of grainControl provision of grain Monopolize tradeMonopolize trade Result – slowed technological development and economic innovations…Result – slowed technological development and economic innovations…

6. BYZANTIUM & RUSSIA BYZANTINE EMPIRE, 600 - 1200 Women’s Roles within the Byzantine Empire: Confined to HousesConfined to Houses Wore veilsWore veils Did have a short period (1028- 1056) where Women ruled alongside their husbandsDid have a short period (1028- 1056) where Women ruled alongside their husbands => Contempt of West (Barbarians) and East (Crumbling Empire)

7. BYZANTIUM & RUSSIA BYZANTINE EMPIRE, 600 - 1200 Culture: Legal heritage – Roman laws become basis for western civil lawLegal heritage – Roman laws become basis for western civil law Use of the dome in architecture (Hagia Sophia)Use of the dome in architecture (Hagia Sophia) Opens interior space…Opens interior space… Religious Art and Music (chanting)Religious Art and Music (chanting) Did missionary work (Moravia)…wrote in the Cyrillic scriptDid missionary work (Moravia)…wrote in the Cyrillic script

8. BYZANTIUM & RUSSIA KIEVAN RUSSIA, 900 - 1200 Geography: Exists between Black and Caspian Seas (South) and Baltic and White Seas (North)Exists between Black and Caspian Seas (South) and Baltic and White Seas (North) Cultural groups reflect different geographical areas:Cultural groups reflect different geographical areas: Slavs (east)Slavs (east) Finns (north)Finns (north) Turkic (south)Turkic (south) Trade networks (river systems) fostered interactions between groupsTrade networks (river systems) fostered interactions between groups

9. BYZANTIUM & RUSSIA KIEVAN RUSSIA, 900 - 1200 Rise of Kievan State: The Rus were Slavic; ruled by Varangian nobles, with important centers as Kiev and Novgorod (trade centers)The Rus were Slavic; ruled by Varangian nobles, with important centers as Kiev and Novgorod (trade centers) Vladimir I (980) becomes grand prince of Kiev, adopting Orthodox practices:Vladimir I (980) becomes grand prince of Kiev, adopting Orthodox practices: Imitate Byzantines: Church Building, Cyrillic Alphabet, trade network focal points.Imitate Byzantines: Church Building, Cyrillic Alphabet, trade network focal points.

10. BYZANTIUM & RUSSIA KIEVAN RUSSIA, 900 - 1200 Society and Culture: Manorial agricultural system (feudalism) never takes root…trade foundationsManorial agricultural system (feudalism) never takes root…trade foundations Cities had much smaller populations, centers for craftspeople and artisansCities had much smaller populations, centers for craftspeople and artisans Christianity spreads slowlyChristianity spreads slowly Paganism/polygamy persist until 12 th centuryPaganism/polygamy persist until 12 th century Christian Church becomes powerful…clergy becomes tax collectors for the stateChristian Church becomes powerful…clergy becomes tax collectors for the state