1. Hagia Sophia (“Holy Wisdom”) 532-537 CE Istanbul (Constantinople), Turkey

2. Sketch: Exterior

3. Sketch: Interior

4. Hagia Sophia by the #s  270’ long by 240’ wide  Dome = 108 ft diameter Crown rises 180’ off pavement 40 windows at base of dome  4 Towering Turkish minarets (added later)

5. History  Two previous churches destroyed  Ordered to be built by Emperor Justinian 1  Designed by Greek scientists Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles  Eastern Orthodox cathedral: 537 - 1453  Mosque: 1453 (Ottoman Turks conquered Constantinople) – 1931  Christian relics removed; Islamic features added  Museum: 1935 – present

6. Construction  Material brought from all over empire – Greece, Egypt, Syria  10,000 workers employed in construction  Dome collapsed earthquake in 558 – reconstructed with lighter materials (and taller)  Multiple earthquakes since then – some damage  Place on 1996 World Monuments Watch – some preservation work since then

9. Pendentives

15. Mosaics

16. Architectural Influence: Mosques

17. Khan Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XfpusWEd2jE