1. NARSTO PM Assessment NARSTO PM Assessment Chapter 5: Spatial and Temporal Pattern TOC Introduction Data Global Pattern NAM Dust NAM Smoke NAM Haze NAM Total PM Local PM Seasonal Chemical Composition over N. America TOCIntroductionDataGlobal PatternNAM DustNAM SmokeNAM Total PM Section Contents Introduction Methodology Remote ‘Global’ Sites Sites Peripheral to Eastern N America Mid-Atlantic Region Central Eastern US Region Upper Midwest TX, NM Arizona Grand Canyon Idaho California – Remote California – Perturbed Northwest - Perturbed

2. Background

3. Chemical Speciation of the Fine Mass Based on IMPROVEIMPROVE See Sisler & MalmSisler & Malm Over the remote Eastern US, sulfates dominate the Fine Mass The Southeast is also influenced by ‘smoke’ (organics+LAC) and dust. Over the West, organics, nitrates and dust dominate

4. Methodology Shenandoah

5. Remote ‘Global’ Sites Denali (640 m) Virgin Islands (46 m) Mauna Loa (3398 m)

6. Sites Peripheral to Eastern N America Badlands (scale 0-15 ug/m3) Big Bend (scale 0-15 ug/m3) Voyageurs (scale 0-15 ug/m3) Acadia Everglades

7. Sites Peripheral to Eastern N America Fine Mass Badlands (scale 0-15 ug/m3) Big Bend (scale 0-15 ug/m3) Voyageurs (scale 0-15 ug/m3) Acadia Everglades

8. Sites Peripheral to Eastern N America Fine Dust Badlands Big Bend VoyageursAcadia Everglades

9. Sites Peripheral to Eastern N America Carbonaceous Badlands Big Bend VoyageursAcadia Everglades

10. New England Region Lye Brook MoosehornAcadia

11. New England Region Fine mass Lye Brook MoosehornAcadia

12. New England Region Fine Dust Lye Brook Acadia

13. Mid-Atlantic Region Shenandoah Washington DCBrigantine Dolly SodsJefferson

14. Mid-Atlantic Region Fine mass Shenandoah Washington DCBrigantine Dolly SodsJefferson

15. Mid-Atlantic Region Fine dust Shenandoah Washington DCBrigantine Dolly SodsJefferson

16. Central Eastern US Region Upper BuffaloMammoth CaveShining Rock G.Smoky Mtn. Sipsy

17. Central Eastern US Region Fine mass Upper BuffaloMammoth CaveShining Rock G.Smoky Mtn. Sipsy

18. Central Eastern US Region Fine dust Upper BuffaloMammoth CaveShining Rock G.Smoky Mtn. Sipsy

19. Upper Midwest Badlands Voyageurs

20. Upper Midwest Fine mass Badlands Voyageurs

21. Upper Midwest Fine dust Badlands Voyageurs

22. NM –S Arizona Chiricahua Tonto SaguaroBandelier Guadalupe

23. NM –S Arizona Chiricahua Tonto SaguaroBandelier Guadalupe

24. NM Chiricahua Bandelier White RiverGuadalupe Big Bend

25. Arizona Tonto Petrified For.Saguaro Chiricahua

26. Grand Canyon Tonto Petrified For.Saguaro Chiricahua

27. Idaho Tonto Three SistersYellowstone Bridger Jawbridge Great Basin

28. California - Remote Bliss State (2043 m) Lessen (1800 m) Crater Lake (1980 m) Point Reyes (38 m, Beach)

29. California - Perturbed Yosemite S. Lake TahoeSequoia San Gorgonio Pinnacles

30. Northwest - Perturbed Abbotsford (0 m) Chilliwack (9 m) Puget Sound (99 m) Columbia River (90 m) Mt. Rainier (436 m)