1. Biofuels Energy Balance Does it add up?

2. http://media.artdiamondblog.com/imag es2/EthanolCornUseGraph.jpg An Increasingly Important Question http://www.researchrecap.com/wp- content/uploads/2008/02/us-ethanol- production.gif

3. Effects on Emissions http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/ethanol/ima ges/greenhouse_gas_emiss_trans.gif

4. http://thefraserdomain.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/ethanol_net_e nergy_balance.jpg Energy Balance – A Variable Test

5. Energy Costs – Pimentel’s Study It looks like this says corn is energy positive, but the study officially concluded energy negative. 792.5 gal/hectare * 78,789.8 Btu / gal = 62,440,916 Btu / hectare

6. Energy Costs - Coproducts To add or not to add?

7. Energy Balance by Crop

8. Energy Production by Crop http://www.thebioenergysite.com/articles/118 /brazil-biofuels-ethanol-annual-report-2008

9. Ethanol and Commodity Costs

10. Conclusion / Response Corn ethanol is not sustainable. “The subsidies for a gallon of ethanol are 60 times greater than the subsidies for a gallon of gasoline.” -http://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/205506319.htmlhttp://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/205506319.html Sugar ethanol is the future. “The [sugar] ethanol industry in Brazil is more than 30 year-old and …is no longer subsidized.” - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanol_fuelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanol_fuel

11. Questions? BUTANOL and PROPANOL? SYNTEC TO DEVELOP CATALYSTS TO PRODUCE BUTANOL AND PROPANOL FROM BIOMASS AND MSW. Vancouver, Canada - 20th November 20th, 2008 - Syntec Biofuel Inc (OTC.B.B. “SYBF') announced today it is launching a research program to develop catalysts and processes to produce Bio-butanol and Bio-propanol from biomass. This new R&D initiative is projected to be a 3 year program and will run in parallel with Syntec's catalyst development. The company will be seeking strategic financial partners to support the estimated costs of US$2,500,000. http://www.syntecbiofuel.com/Syntec_butanol_catalyst.php