1. Review

2. What are the garden city, the radiant city and the city beautiful and why does Jacobs lump them together as the “radiant garden city beautiful”?

3. Why did Shostakovich think his opera would appeal to Stalin, and why didn’t it?

4. What are the origins of the term “degenerate” and what did “degenerate” mean in the context of the “Degenerate Art” exhibition of 1937?

5. Explain the idea of “double time” as it applies to Gershwin’s Porgy and Bess.

6. Explain the statements, “Parks are not automatically anything.”

7. Explain the major elements of Socialist Reform.

8. What is the name of the African- American community featured in Porgy and Bess?

9. Define “placemaking” and give an example.

10. Who was in charge of regulating artistic production in the Nazi state?

11. What four reasons did Pravda give for attacking the opera Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District?

12. Distinguish between National Socialism and international socialism.