2. 35.2: Nutrition

3. What substances are essential for body function? Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Mineral Vitamins water

5. What is a carbohydrate? Carbohydrates are starches and sugars Q: What is the difference between the two? A: starches are complex (takes longer to break down), ex. Bread, potatoes, rice, corn, beans, pasta. Sugars are simple carbohydrates, ex.: mostly found in fruits such as plums, strawberries and bananas.

6. Are there indigestible carbohydrates? Yes! Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate found in plants. Ex. Bran and spinach Q: Why would we eat something we can’t digest? A: It aids in waste elimination.

7. FATS,..Who needs ‘em? EVERYONE! Fats are essential for cellular structure and many chemical processes, including hormone production. Q: Which fats are the “good” fats? A: Any that are found in natural foods, avocado, nuts, and meats.

8. Proteins Q: For what does the body use proteins? A: enzymes, hormones, and antibodies are all types of proteins. They are also used for digestion, part of muscle, and cell structures. Q: What foods contain proteins? A: meats, nuts, beans, eggs

9. Minerals and Vitamins Mineral: an inorganic substance that serves as a building material or takes part in a chemical reaction. 4% of your total body weight (mostly in your skeleton). NOT an energy source. Vitamin: Organic nutrients required to maintain growth and metabolism. Two kinds fat soluble (stored in liver, too much = TOXIC) and water soluble (can’t store, need on daily basis)

12. WATER Drink it! Lots of it! At least 8-16oz. glasses per day.It makes up 60% of RBC and 75% of muscle cells. Q: What does it do? A: Allows body to perform chemical reactions, digest food, maintain body temperature. Q: How much do you lose per day? A: 2.5 L through exhalation, sweat, and urine

13. What is a calorie? The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1mL of water by 1degree Celsius. A Calorie raises 1L of water 1 degree Celsius 1 g of fat contains 9 calories Q:How do you gain weight? A: Consume more Calories than you burn off. Q: How do you lose weight? A: Burn more Calories than you consume.