1. The Feudal and Manorial Systems
Chapter 13 Section 3

2. The Feudal System
Direct result of Viking, Muslim, and Magyar invasions
Nobles needed protection, built castles on hills, easier to defend
Knights, highly skilled soldiers on horseback, best defense nobles could have
Knights needed payment, nobles gave them land Feudal System
Fief, land given to knights knight became vassal noble became lord
Chief duty: provide military service for his lord
Knight’s oath of fealty, loyalty, to remain loyal to lord

3. The Feudal System FEUDAL OBLIGATIONS:
Feudalism was built upon relationships of obligation and service
A Knight’s Duties to His Lord:
Military service/Protection
Remain loyal and faithful 
Give money on special occasions 
A Lord’s Duties to His Knights:
Give land
Protect from attack
Resolve disputes between knights

4. Battle of Hastings in 1066

5. A Complicated System Incredibly complex Lord & vassal at same time
One knight could serve many lords
Some nobles found themselves as powerful as the kings they were serving
Power of king fades

6. The Manorial System
Medieval economic system named after manors, or large estates it was built around
Manors owned by wealthy lords or knights
Lords too busy to farm own land, serfs, peasants legally tied to manor they worked for
Serfs worked land in return for protection, not free to leave manor or marry without permission

7. A Typical Manor
Most of land occupied by fields for crops and pastures for animals
3-field crop rotation system: one field planted in spring for fall harvesting, one planted in winter for spring harvesting, one left unplanted for a year
Manor house for the noble family
Village for peasants and serfs
Church, mill, blacksmith
Goal: Be self-sufficient

8. A Typical Manor 
Manors were large estates owned by wealthy lords. Peasants and serfs lived and worked on manors. Most manors produced most of the food and other goods that people living there needed.

9. Daily Life in Middle Ages
Life in a Castle:
Built for protection, not comfort
Dark inside
Shared castle with servants and soldiers
Carpets hung on walls, not used on floors
Main room, the hall, used for dining & entertaining
Noble family slept on one end of the hall
Used hay for toilet paper, wooden bathtub in garden in warm weather, indoors near fireplace in cold weather
Life in a Village:
Small, 1-2 room cottages
Packed dirt floor
Few furniture pieces
Straw used for beds
Cooked meals over open fire in middle of floor
Fires common
Men & boys– worked in fields
Women & girls– cooked, sewed, cared for animals, grew vegetables