1. Three metaphysical positions - 1 Three metaphysical positions compared zA 2nd problem raised by Plato’s Republic: dualistic & non-dualistic metaphysics (the first problem discussed was the nature of justice) zPlato ySharply dualistic xThe realm of Ideas or Forms & the physical world

2. Three metaphysical positions - - 2 Three metaphysical positions compared ySir Arthur Eddington (English, 1882-1944) xTwo tables xBut is Eddington proposing that there are two realms? xIs Eddington defending metaphysical reductionism? xCritique

3. Three metaphysical positions - - 3 Three metaphysical positions compared yIan Barbour (winner of the 1999 Templeton prize for progress in religion) xRejects metaphysical reductionism; accepts methodological reductionism Are emergent properties which cannot be reduced Barbour’s alternative: –Reality is made up of a multi-level continuum

4. Three metaphysical positions - - 4 Three metaphysical positions compared –One way to divide up this multi- level continuum religion art history societies organisms cells molecules atomic subatomic

5. Three metaphysical positions - - 5 Three metaphysical positions compared –How might the mind & body fit into such a metaphysics?