1. Gifts
of the
Phylum

2. Porifera Commonly called sponges Aquatic environments
Colony of cells (1 layer)
Don’t have a mouth but use tiny pores on their outer surface
Pump water through their bodies

3. Cnidaria Diverse (Jellies to coral) Aquatic environments
Stinging cells
2 layers of cells (endoderm and ectoderm)
Carnivores
General have radial symetry

4. Platyhelminthes Commonly called Flatworms
Aquatic and Terrestrial environments
no inner body cavity
eyespot and muscle sheath
3 layers of cells (endoderm, ectoderm and mesoderm)
flat because respiration relies on diffusion
1 opening (mouth/anus)
General have bilateral symmetry

5. Nematoda Commonly called Roundworms
All environments including hash and extreme
Inner body cavity track, mouth and anus (2 holes)
One way digestion, pseudocoelom
Cuticle skin -tough and flexible
Hydrostatic skeleton- flexible
shaped controlled by muscles and fluid
Blood, toothed radula (tongue)
Very large number of different species

6. Annelida Commonly called worms Segmented
Closed circulatory system with 5 simple hearts
All environments including hash and extreme

7. Mollusca Mantle and internal cavity Most have an exoskeleton shell
Defined head, foot or feet, and internal body mass
More complex organs - Kidney
Closed circulatory system with 5 simple hearts
Mainly marine environments

8. Arthropoda Commonly known as insects and crustaceans
Chitin (stiff cuticle) make up an exoskeleton
harder shells have calcium carbonate
Segmented bodies, some are fused together
jointed appendages (legs, mouth parts, antennae etc.)
All environments
very diverse and numbers of species

9. Echinodermata Marine environments only Not found in fresh water
Most are pentameral (fivefold symmetry)
Endoskeleton (skeleton covered in skin)
Skeleton is very porous, interlocking plates
Many have sucker ‘tube’ feet to move

10. Vertebrate Backbones and spinal columns
Originally have notochords, early development of a backbone, which is formed during the embryo stage