1. Reform, Culture, and Industry Jacksonian America

2. Religion  2 nd Great Awakening Camp Meetings Camp Meetings Frontier Frontier Fire and Brimstone Fire and Brimstone Peter Cartwright/ Charles Finney Peter Cartwright/ Charles Finney Female Focused Female Focused

3.  New Denominations Methodists and Baptists Methodists and Baptists Millerites/ Adventists Millerites/ Adventists Churches split over slavery Churches split over slavery

4.  Mormons Joseph Smith Joseph Smith 18301830 Golden PlatesGolden Plates Cooperative ReligionCooperative Religion Militia/ PolygamyMilitia/ Polygamy Movement West to Zion Movement West to Zion 1844 Smith murdered in jail1844 Smith murdered in jail Brigham YoungBrigham Young

6. Free Education for a Free People  Early Republic- School was private  Rich support b/c it will eliminate poor/criminals  Early School 1 Room 1 Room 3-4 months a year 3-4 months a year Uneducated teachers Uneducated teachers

7. School Reform  Horace Mann Longer school year Longer school year Pay for teachers Pay for teachers Expanded curriculum Expanded curriculum Teacher Colleges Teacher Colleges  Noah Webster Textbooks Textbooks

8. Prison/Asylum Reform  No more debtor prisons  End to corporal punishment  “Penitentiary”  Dorothea Dix Improve Asylums Improve Asylums

10. Prohibition  Women/ Factory Owners  American Temperance Society Maine Law of 1857 Maine Law of 1857

11. Women’s Rights  Republican Motherhood  Cult of Domesticity  Seneca Falls 1848 1848 Lucretia Mott/ Eliz. Cady Stanton/ Susan B. Anthony Lucretia Mott/ Eliz. Cady Stanton/ Susan B. Anthony

12. Utopias  Robert Owen  “Communitarian” living  New Harmony Indiana (1825)  Oneida Community, NY (1848)  Practices “Free Love” “Free Love” Eugenics Eugenics Communism Communism

13. Art  Greek Revival (1820-1850)  Hudson River School

18. Literature  Knickerbockers Washington Irving Washington Irving James Fenimore Cooper James Fenimore Cooper William Cullen Bryant William Cullen Bryant

19. Transcendentalism  Rejected rationalism All truth/ knowledge comes from senses All truth/ knowledge comes from senses  Man possesses inner truth  Individualism  Ralph Waldo Emerson  Walt Whimtan  Henry David Thoreau Walden’s Pond Walden’s Pond Civil Disobedience Civil Disobedience

22. Industrial Revolution  1750’s England  1820’s America Why Late? Why Late? Cheap LandCheap Land Scarce Labor in CitiesScarce Labor in Cities Little CapitalLittle Capital English MonopolyEnglish Monopoly

23. Industrialists  Samuel Slater 1 st Factory in New Eng. 1 st Factory in New Eng.  Eli Whitney Cotton Gin Cotton Gin INCREASED SLAVERY INCREASED SLAVERY Interchangeable Parts Interchangeable Parts

24.  Why New England? Poor Soil Poor Soil Dense Population Dense Population Seaports Seaports

25. Benefits  1) Increased Standard of Living  2) Growth of Cities  3) Increased Trade  4) Cheaper Products

26. Wage Slavery  Problems Mass Labor/ No Personal Relationship Mass Labor/ No Personal Relationship Child Labor Child Labor Long Hours/ Low Pay Long Hours/ Low Pay

27.  Solutions Jacksonian Democracy- Right to Vote Jacksonian Democracy- Right to Vote Van Buren- 10 Hour Work Day Van Buren- 10 Hour Work Day Commonwealth v Hunt- Right to Unionize Commonwealth v Hunt- Right to Unionize

28. Western Farming  John Deere- Steel Plow (1837)

29. Movement West  Roads Lancaster Turnpike Lancaster Turnpike National Road/ Cumberland Road National Road/ Cumberland Road

31.  Steam Robert Fulton- Steamboat Robert Fulton- Steamboat

32.  Railroads 1828- “Iron Horse” 1828- “Iron Horse”

33.  Telegraph Samuel Morse Samuel Morse

34.  Clipper Ships Fast Fast Cheap Products Cheap Products

35.  Canals Erie Canal- Gov. Clinton/ Big Ditch/ 1825 Erie Canal- Gov. Clinton/ Big Ditch/ 1825