1. SPOT DIAGNOSIS
DARINDA ROSA R2

2. Ocular Emergencies

3. Q.1

4. Traumatic Hyphema

5. Traumatic Hyphema
Disruption of blood vessels in the iris or ciliary body
Blood in anterior chamber

6. circulating red blood cells only
Traumatic Hyphema : Classification
Grade 
Size of Hyphema
No layered blood
circulating red blood cells only I 
Less than 1/3
II 
1/3 to 1/2
III 
1/2 to less than total
IV 
Total

7. Traumatic Hyphema : Management
Elevate the patient’s head
Bed rest
1% atropine one drop 3-4 times daily
1% prednisolone acetate one drop 3-4 times daily
If the globe is intact, measure IOP
Reduce IOP
Ophthalmology consult

8. Traumatic Hyphema : Management
Rebleeding can occur 3 to 5 days later in 30%
Uncontrolled glaucoma or blood stained cornea
requires anterior chamber “wash out”

9. Q.2

10. Chemical Ocular Injury : Classification
Grade I
Grade II
Grade III
Grade IV

11. Chemical Ocular Injury : Management
Preservative-free artificial tears
Topical non-preserved steroid
Topical cycloplegic
Topical antibiotics
Oral analgesics
Pressure patch or bandage CL
Antiglaucoma +

12. Chemical Ocular Injury
Bilateral Alkali Injuries

13. Chemical Ocular Injury : Management
Keratoprosthesis
Corneal Transplantation

14. Q.3

15. Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
Causes
Trauma, Hypertension
Valsava pressure spikes
Spontaneous
No treatment
Resolve within 2 weeks

16. Q.4

17. Corneal Abrasion Pain , photophobia , FB sensation, tearing
Conjunctival injection,
swollen eyelid
Epithelial staining defect with fluorescein

18. Corneal Abrasion : Management
Searching for conjunctival foreign body
Topical cycloplegia, ATB ointment
Pressure patching for 24 hours
Don’t apply PP if there is a significant risk of infection.

19. Q.5
Eye Shield

20. Corneal Ulcer No patching Topical antibiotics Ophthalmologist referral
Hypopyon
No patching
Topical antibiotics
Ophthalmologist referral
Eye Shield

21. Acute Eye Conditions Emergency Very Urgent Urgent
( Immediately ) ( Within a few hours ) ( Within one day )
Retinal arterial Perforation Orbital cellulitis
occlusion Ruptured Orbital injury
Chemical burns Acute glaucoma Corneal ulcer
Sudden congestion Corneal abrasion
proptosis Hyphema
Intraocular FB
Retinal detachment
Macular edema

22. Ocular Emergencies
Blunt trauma
Trauma
Penetrating trauma
Non - trauma

23. Ocular Emergencies Nontraumatic Ocular Emergencies
Acute Dacryocystitis
Acute Dacryoadenitis
Acute Hordeolum
Preseptal cellulitis
Spontaneous subconjunctival hemorrhage
Conjunctivitis
Bacterial corneal ulcer
Viral keratoconjunctivitis
Acute hydrops of the cornea
Hyphema
Uveitis ( iritis & iridocyclitis )
Vitreous hemorrhage
Retinal hemorrhage
Central retinal vein occlusion
Optic neuritis
Ocular Emergencies
Ocular condiitons requiring immediate
treatment
Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Orbital Cellulitis
Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis
Endophthalmitis
Retinal Detachment
Toxic Causes of blindness

24. Ocular Emergencies Ocular burns and trauma Ocular Burn Alkali Burns
Acid Burns
Thermal Burns
Burns Due to Ultraviolet Radiation
Mechanical Trauma to the Eye
Penetrating or Perforating injuries
Blunt Trauma to the Eye, Adnexa,& Orbit
1. Ecchymosis of the Eyelids
2. Lacerations of the Eyelids
3. Orbital hemorrhage
4. Fracture of the Ethmoid bone
5. Blowout Fractures of the Floor of the Orbit
6. Corneal Abrasions
7. Corneal & Conjunctival Foreign Bodies
Ocular Emergencies

25. Ocular Trauma Closed Globe Open Globe Burn Laceration Rupture
Contusion
Penetrating
Perforating

26. Thank you for your attention