1. How did geography influence life in Egypt?

2. Aim: How did geography influence life in Ancient Egypt? Do Now!!!! Copy the Vocabulary into your notebooks Delta- mouth of a river Irrigation systems- used for watering crops Nile River- longest river in the world (Egypt) Cataract- downpour of water or waterfall After, please complete “Ancient Egypt Geography” handout *******

3. Group Activity Students will complete the Flooding the Nile River Activity (in pairs) First you will chart the cycles of the Nile. Second, use the information obtained in the first part to answer the questions.

4. Ancient Egypt Location-North Africa Nile River-world longest river- 4000 miles Each year floods it’s banks-between June and October Depositing rich soil Ample fresh water Only major river which flows Northward

5. Why is the Nile helpful? Communication Ease of communication along the river encouraged the development of a highly centralized government Invasion Less prone to invasion-surrounded by deserts Trade

6. HW REVIEW SHEET DUE THURSDAY! TEST THURSDAY

7. Aim: How was Ancient Egyptian society organized? Do Now: Copy the following vocabulary into your notebook Polytheistic-belief in many gods Mummification-Egyptian process for preserving human bodies after death. Pharaoh- king or ruler Theocracy-type of government where kings are god Morality-to do the right thing After, please complete the handout, “How was Egyptian society organized?”

8. Pair-work activity Students will answer questions for Documents on Egypt in their notebooks. Student A- will read the document Student B- will record the answers Partners will then share their work

9. How can we characterize life in Egypt? Please copy down the following vocabulary: Papyrus-a material on which to write, prepared from thin strips this plant laid together, soaked, pressed, and dried, used by the ancient Egyptians; an ancient document, manuscript, or scroll written on this material. Hieroglyphics- Form of writing using pictures Pyramids-a 4-sided mass having smooth, steeply sloping sides meeting at a point, used as a tomb. Reminder: Test Tomorrow & Review Sheet Due!

10. Student Activity Students will work in pairs to answer questions regarding Egyptian contributions and advancements.

11. Debriefing Students will take notes on slideshow.

12. Egypt Unites In the beginning, Egypt was separated into two kingdoms: –1. Lower Egypt –2. Upper Egypt

13. Lower Egypt Upper Egypt

14. King Menes Established a capital, Memphis Established first Egyptian Dynasty Unites Upper and Lower Egypt

15. United United lower and upper Egypt and wore a crown that symbolized its united kingdom

16. Pharaohs Egyptian kings = pharaohs The Egyptians viewed their pharaohs the same as the gods –KINGS WERE GODS Stood as center of religion as well as government and army Type of Government = Theocracy

18. Trade By 3200 BC, Egyptians were trading with the Mesopotamians Also traded up and down the Nile –Gold –Ivory –Cattle –Granite blocks

19. Religion Polytheistic 2,000 gods and goddesses Built huge temples to honor gods Believed in afterlife –Osiris – god of the dead

21. Social Very different from the city- states of Mesopotamia Egypt’s united kingdom allowed –High degree of unity –Stability –Cultural continuity (staying the same)

22. Life in Egyptian Society Pharaoh Royal Advisor Priests Traders/Merchants Slaves Ordinary Citizens

23. Intellectual Developed writing = hieroglyphics –Pictographic writing system Developed written numbers for recording taxes –Addition, subtraction

26. Achievements Knowledge in math = skillful engineers –Pyramids –Palaces Egyptian Architects first to use stone columns in homes, palaces and temples 12 month, 365 day calendar from studying the stars –So accurate it was only 6 hours off from today’s calendar year

29. Geography Nile River – 4,100 miles long, flows northward Every year in July the river flooded REGULARLY leaving behind rich soil. The Nile is the longest river in the world! Forbidden Deserts on either side of the Nile = Natural barriers

32. Pictures Cited Slide 1 – http://www.westga.edu/~llipoma/hieroglyphics.jpg Slide 2 - http://orford.tased.edu.au/crowns1.jpg, http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/pharaoh/explore/images/double.gifhttp://orford.tased.edu.au/crowns1.jpg Slide 3 - http://academic.evergreen.edu/g/grossmaz/OFORIAA/IMAGES/Nile.jpg Slide 4 - http://www.homestead.com/wysinger/narmer.jpg Slide 5 - http://www.internet-at-work.com/hos_mcgrane/egypt/egyptart/crown2.jpg Slide 6 - Slide 7 - http://www.gophila.com/go/tut/images/micro/full_tut.jpg Slide 8 - http://www.waterfeatures2u.com/items_images/11205089253%20GRANITE%20BLOCKS%202_500.jpg,http://www.waterfeatures2u.com/items_images/11205089253%20GRANITE%20BLOCKS%202_500.jpg Slide 9 - http://www.egyptian-gods.net/images/osiris3big.jpg Slide 10 - http://www.digitaldutch.com/arles/tutorials/thumbnail_tags/galleries/thumbnail_tags_with_size/images/Sphinx.jpg, http://www.planetware.com/i/photo/pyramids-of-giza-gzgrtpy.jpghttp://www.digitaldutch.com/arles/tutorials/thumbnail_tags/galleries/thumbnail_tags_with_size/images/Sphinx.jpg Slide 14 - http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/~howard/314lspring2005/hieroglyphics.jpg,http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/~howard/314lspring2005/hieroglyphics.jpg Slide 15 - http://www.bl.uk/learning/images/whywrite/new/hieroglyphics-lg.jpg Slide 17 - http://analyzer.depaul.edu/paperplate/2002%20vernal%20equinox/Egyptian_calendar_dark.jpg Slide 18 - www.africantravelinc.com/AboutATI/egypt.htmlwww.africantravelinc.com/AboutATI/egypt.html Slide 20 – http://www.richard-seaman.com/Travel/Egypt/NileFromAboveNarrowAngle.jpg Slide 21 - http://www.map-of-egypt.org/aswan-424.jpg