2. Military Harms To Environmental Security Presentation for full paper International Environmental Policy * IDL 102 Author: Edward Meilakh (SUSU)

3. Interaction between environmental security and wars Environmental security Military activities CLICK AN ARROW TO JUMP TO A SPECIFIC SIDE OF THE INTERACTION directly indirectly during test, production and storage of weapons during test, production and storage of weapons Competition for the resources

4. Military influences on the Environment An Analysis of Cases Discovered That Military Activities Could Harm the Environment in Different Ways: n Directly - during a military conflict n Indirectly - after a military conflict n During test, production, storage of weapons

5. Direct influences on the environment n Depleted Uranium using n Technological accidents caused by military actions n Antipersonnel landmines using n Area-impact weapons using Direct effects on public health, ecosystems and living things destruction

6. Indirect influences on the environment n Earthquakes caused by heavy bombing n Humanitarian consequences n Lax ecological limitation n Environmental sabotage in an attacked country (oil storages detonating) Social and natural consequences can be caused by military conflicts

7. Environmental harms of test, production, storage of weapons n Nuclear reprocessing plants n Nuclear reprocessing plants produce a lot of nuclear wastes n Rockets launching result n Rockets launching result in contaminating with rocket fuel ingredients n Hazard of terrorism n Hazard of terrorism - military materials can be aims for terrorists

8. Competition for Natural Resources as a Cause of Military Conflicts Three cases of military conflicts caused by competition for natural resources: –developed countries aggression against developing ones holding natural resources (oil, fresh water); –‘asymmetric’ answers of the Third World – terrorism; –local conflicts as a results of a competition for resources

9. Competition for Water Resources n A water conflict is an important part of the Arab-Israeli conflict n Egypt vs. Sudan (1958) n Ethiopia vs. Somalia (1963-64) n Iraq vs. Syria (1974) There ‘r a lot of examples of military conflicts caused by competition for water

10. Concludes n Shooting wars, testing, production and storage of weapons are likely to cause harm to global environmental security n Environmental effects of regional wars can be, in scale, much wider then an area of the conflict. n Elimination (alleviation) of inequality between countries is the only way to avoid wars and save the environment of the Earth.