1. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 0/17 Payload Functionality during SODAP: preliminary review SMOS Project Team, ESTEC/ESAC/ESRIN EADS-CASA Espacio, UPC, TKK and DEIMOS SMOS CEC, ESAC Presented by: M. Martín-Neira

2. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 1/17 CONTENTS - On-board Subsystems Check - CMN A2 Strategy - IOCP High Level Planning - RFI - Next Steps

3. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 2/17 LICEFs A2 segment right after switch-on 17-Nov-09 (6 LICEFs); T o =10  C LO locked here Dual Pol: H and V U-noise - All LICEF are working well as can be deduced from the PMS values All other segments like this one

4. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 3/17 LO locked here a few Kelvin NIR V channels right after switch-on 17-Nov-09 T o =10  C initialisation NIRs - All three NIR units are working fine, within a few Kelvin from each other NIR H channels similarly

5. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 4/17 MOHA - All optical links are fine, as deduced from the correlations over the Antarctica coast line and from redundant correlations (manual check) LCF-A17  LCF-A18LCF-A05  LCF-A06

6. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 5/17 On Redundant Baselines - Redundant baselines are very similar to each other, for all spacings (may help to reduce LO noise injections) LCF-A05  LCF-A20LCF-A04  LCF-A19

7. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 6/17 CAS - The on-board calibration system is working also fine - The false lock of A2 was discovered during the first CAS operation Normal Correlations during CalibrationVery Low Correlations with A2 Segment

8. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 7/17 CMN - The CMNs are working fine - However they seem to be affected by radiation and lose the LO lock from time to time - All CMNs recover in 5 or less epochs (this is the affected data) … - … except A2 which locks onto a secondary frequency From CAS measurements: 1 / π Δf T < 20 / 6500 Δf > 6500 / 20π T = 86 Hz

9. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 8/17 Proposed Strategy for CMN A2 From ground measurements it is known that CMN A2 locks better at colder temperatures A2 unlocks Now at 22C Go down to 18C A2 unlocks Continue Commissioning Switch Arm-A OFF - ON Review Situation Relocks OK NOK Relocks OK NOK

10. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 9/17 Impact on IOCP High Level Plan OCEAN FROM SPACE (VENICE) 1 week SODAP PAYLOAD Dual-Full Key Point 122b3 456 78910 11121314 15161718 19202122 KP0 KP2 KP1 KP3 PLM Switch ON XMAS (24-Dec till 3-Jan) 4X 0 1 2 3 MICRORAD (WASHINGTON) L2 Collocation - Instrument commissioning will finish 1 week later than expected - Pseudo-operational phase is shortened by 1 week accordingly Mon 23-Nov-09 Mon 21-Dec-09 Mon 18-Jan-10 Mon 15-Feb-10 Mon 15-Mar-10 Mon 12-Apr-10 Mon 10-May-10 = Start of Operational Phase

11. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 10/17 CORRELATOR - The first correlator test was performed last Monday 7-Dec-2009 - Data to be processed

12. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 11/17 RFI – first detections - Spikes in PMS, NIRs and correlations are produced by interferors - They seldom saturate the PMS voltages - Full calibration will allow to better focus the interference signals

13. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 12/17 RFI – geographical distribution - Strong RFI in Europe, Middle East, South-Eastern Asia, Northern Africa - Smaller localised interferors in other places (even boats) - America, Antarctica, the Arctic, Greenland, Australia, most of Africa and Siberia, widely clean

14. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 13/17 - Some European countries appear much cleaner than others … Interference over Europe

15. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 14/17 - Signature is periodic … Strong Interferors are Radars 1 st peak 2 nd peak N th peak.....

16. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 15/17 - … and depends on time (SMOS in radar beam) Strong Interferors are Radars Legend: First = 1 st peak; Second = 2 nd peak; 0 = no RFI; 1 = RFI

17. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 16/17 - Prepare the procedure to set the instrument temperature down to 18C - Obtain full calibration parameters (except for temperature coefficients) - Apply FTT to L1 imaging - Analyse LO calibration rate - Assess instrument absolute accuracy and sensitivity - Clearly L1 needs to enhance RFI detection and cleaning - Verify the Corbella Equation (see next slides) Next Steps (Week 2b and 3)

18. SMOS Commissioning KP-0, ESAC, 9 December 2009 17/17 HUT-2D verification of Corbella equation - Try to repeat the same exercise with SMOS …