1. S ALTWATER Oceans cover _____ of Earth’s surface (about ___) Land takes up _____ of Earth’s surface (about __) 2 categories of water in the Hydrosphere…based on ______________= % _____ content Saltwater: _____ of Earth’s water __________ ____ g salt/kg of water How many oceans are currently recognized today??!! _______

2. F RESHWATER Freshwater: ____ g salt/kg of water ONLY ___ of Earth’s water is fresh 2/3 of that is _________ in glaciers, ice caps, & icebergs (pieces of glaciers floating in ocean) 1/3 of that is _______& ________ in lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, or underground

3. W ATER C YCLE – Q UICK R EVIEW 1. ____heats the water on the surface of Earth  2. Freshwater ___________ into atmosphere as water vapor (salt in ocean_______________)  3. Water vapor cools & _____________ on dust particles to form ________  4. Water falls back to Earth as _______________ in the form of _____,______,______, or _____  5. Precipitation that hits surface either gets __________________, stays trapped as ___________ water, or moves downhill as __________ back into lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, oceans **The amount of water on Earth______________!!**

4. W ATER D RAINAGE P ATTERNS Precipitation hits the surface of Earth  1.) If ______________________________ = water will sink in 2.) If _______________________________ = water will not sink in, may be trapped in basin OR may run off from ___________________ elevation

5. W ATER D RAINAGE P ATTERNS ___________ = high ridge of land from which water will flow in different directions __________________________________ = drainage area where all water from one side of a divide flows, all water flows to one central river based on the topography (curves/elevation) of the land What River Basin do we live in?? ______________  _______________  __________  Atlantic Ocean!

6. E XAMINE A W ATERSHED

7. P OSSIBLE W ATER F LOW E XAMPLE Precipitation  Land  Flows ________________  Stream  __________  Larger River OR Lake  Estuary = __________________________________  Ocean!!

8. G ROUNDWATER Water that seeps into the soil & is pulled down by__________ Can move or sit under the surface if there are __________ between the rock/soil particles (_______________) Water will seep down until it hits an ______________________ surface, then fill up from there (like your bathtub with the drain closed!) The region filled with ground water =____________________________ The top surface of this area =_____________________

9. W ATER T ABLE & S ATURATION Z ONE

10. A QUIFERS Underground permeable rock or sediment that contains water Particles in ground act like __________ to water!!

11. O GALLALA A QUIFER – UNDER U.S. Huge source of freshwater for ____________ & _______________ in the U.S. Depleting at alarming rate… “The average annual depletion rate between 2000 and 2007 was more than twice that during the previous fifty years!”

12. G ROUNDWATER TO THE S URFACE V IA … 1.) ________________ – pipe dug into ground to extract water from aquifer 2.)_______________ – water flows naturally to surface because it’s under pressure 3.)___________ – water flows to surface because surface of land dips below water table 4.)___________________ – water heated up by rocks, pushes up to surface due to pressure