1. Hip joint D.Rania Gabr D.Sama. D.Elsherbiny

2. Objectives Know the type and formation of hip joint. Differentiate the stability and mobility between the hip joint and shoulder joint. Identify the muscles that act at the hip joint.

3. Type & Articular Surfaces Type: Synovial, ball & socket Articular Surfaces: Acetabulum of hip (lunate surface). Head of femur

4. Acetabular labrum: C-shaped fibro- cartilaginous collar attached to margins of acetabulum.

5. The hip joint is enclosed within strong fibrous capsule lined by synovial membrane. Proximally: it is attached to the acetabulum, and to the transverse acetabular ligament. Distally:  Anteriorly: covers the neck & is attached to intertrochanteric line  Posteriorly: covers medial half of the neck of femur Capsule

6. Intertrochanteric line ANTERIOR POSTERIOR

7. The synovial membrane lines the capsule and the nonarticular surfaces. Synovial Membrane

8. 1. Pubofemoral ligament: Located antero-inferior to joint Limits abduction & lateral rotation 2. Iliofemoral ligament: Y-shaped Located anterior to joint Limits extension Ligaments: 3 Extracapsular 3. Ischiofemoral ligament : Located posterior to joint Limits medial rotation

9. Ligaments: 2 Intracapsular (Extrasynovial) 2. Transverse acetabular ligament: it bridges the acetabular notch converts acetabular notch into foramen through which pass acetabular vessels 1. Ligament of femoral head: 1. Ligament of femoral head: carries vessels to head of femur

11. Flexion. Extension, Movements of the hip

12. Abduction. Adduction.

13. Medial and lateral rotation. Circumduction.

14. Flexion - Anterior + medial compartments of thigh Extension - Gluteal region /posterior compartment of thigh Adduction - Medial (adductor) compartment of thigh Abduction - gluteus medius & minimus, Tensor Fascia Lata Rotation: Lateral - Gluteus maximus, lateral rotators Medial - anterior parts of gluteus medius & minimus, + Tensor Fascia Lata Movements of the Hip Joint (ball and socket)

15. 1- Obturator artery. 2-Medial & Lateral circumflex femoral arteries. 4- Superior and inferior gluteal arteries. 5- First perforating branch of the deep artery of the thigh. The articular branches of these vessels form a network(anatomosis) around the joint. Vascular supply to the hip joint

17. Femoral. Obturator. Superior gluteal nerves Nerve to the quadratus femoris. Sciatic nerve. Nerve Supply of the hip joint

18. Perthes' disease is a condition where the femoral head softens and breaks down. It occurs in some children. The bone gradually heals and reforms as the child grows. Applied anatomy Perthes disease

19. Coxa vara and Coxa Valga

20. Avascular Necrosis of the Head of the Femur