1. Theories and Program Design
Chapter 4
LEARNING:
Theories and Program Design

2. Objectives Discuss the five types of learner outcomes.
Explain the implications of learning theory for instructional design.
Incorporate adult learning theory into the design of a training program.
Describe how learners receive, process, store, retrieve, and act upon information.
Discuss the internal conditions (within the learner) and external conditions (the learning environment) necessary for the learner to master the training content.
Be able to choose and prepare a training site.
Explain the four components of program design: course parameters, objectives, lesson overview, and detailed lesson plan.

3. Learning Outcomes Verbal Information Intellectual Skills
State, tell, or describe previously stored information
Intellectual Skills
Apply concepts and rules to solve problems

4. Learning Outcomes (Con’t)
Cognitive Strategies
Manage thinking and learning processes
Attitude
Choose a personal course of action
Motor Skills
Execute a physical action

5. Learning Theories Reinforcement Theory Social Learning Theory
Goal Setting Theory
Expectancy Theory
Adult Learning
Information Processing Theory

6. Processes of Social Learning Theory
Attention
Retention
Motor Reproduction
Motivational Processes

7. Implications of Adult Learning Theory for Training
Self-Concept
Mutual planning and collaboration in instruction
Experience
Use learner experience as basis for example and applications
Readiness
Develop instruction based on interest and competencies of the learner

8. Implications of Adult Learning (con’t)
Time Perspective
Immediate application of content
Orientation of Learning
Problem-centered instead of subject-centered

9. Expectancy Theory of Motivation
Expectancy x Instrumentality x Valence = Effort
EffortPerformance
Value of Outcome
PerformanceOutcome
Does trainee have ability
To learn?
Does trainee believe they
Can learn?
Does the trainee believe that training outcomes promised will be delivered
Are outcomes promised valued by the trainee?

10. What do Learning Theories Tell Us?
Feedback and reinforcement is Necessary
Practice is Important
Meaningful Material
Active Learning
Credible Trainer
See Benefits
Communicates Objectives

11. Instructional Success
Accomplish training objective
Motivated to apply “learnings”
Motivated to learn more
Able to communicate “learnings” to others

12. Learning Processes Expectancy Perception Working storage
Semantic Encoding
Retrieval
Generalizing
Gratifying

13. The Three components of Learning Objectives
A statement of what the employee is expected to know or do
A statement of the quality or level of acceptable performance
A statement of the conditions under which the learner is expected to perform the desired outcome

14. Necessary Conditions for Learning
Practice
Overlearning
Feedback
Communities of Practice
Training Administration

15. Program Design Course parameters Objectives Detailed lesson plan
Program objectives
Course objectives
Detailed lesson plan
Lesson plan overview